Search results

Title: Advancing Behavioural Genomics By Considering Timescale.
Creator: Rittschof, Clare C., Hughes, Kimberly A.
Abstract/Description: Animal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain...
Show moreAnimal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain genomic regulatory mechanisms may predict the timescale of an environmental effect on behaviour. This temporally minded approach could inform both organismal and evolutionary questions ranging from the remediation of early life social trauma to understanding the evolution of trait plasticity.
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Date Issued: 2018-02-12
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000424747100001, 10.1038/s41467-018-02971-0
Format: Citation

Title: A route for a strong increase of critical current in nanostrained iron-based superconductors.
Creator: Ozaki, Toshinori, Wu, Lijun, Zhang, Cheng, Jaroszynski, Jan, Si, Weidong, Zhou, Juan, Zhu, Yimei, Li, Qiang
Abstract/Description: The critical temperature T-c and the critical current density J(c) determine the limits to large-scale superconductor applications. Superconductivity emerges at T-c. The practical current-carrying capability, measured by J(c), is the ability of defects in superconductors to pin the magnetic vortices, and that may reduce T-c. Simultaneous increase of T-c and J(c) in superconductors is desirable but very difficult to realize. Here we demonstrate a route to raise both T-c and J(c) together in...
Show moreThe critical temperature T-c and the critical current density J(c) determine the limits to large-scale superconductor applications. Superconductivity emerges at T-c. The practical current-carrying capability, measured by J(c), is the ability of defects in superconductors to pin the magnetic vortices, and that may reduce T-c. Simultaneous increase of T-c and J(c) in superconductors is desirable but very difficult to realize. Here we demonstrate a route to raise both T-c and J(c) together in iron-based superconductors. By using low-energy proton irradiation, we create cascade defects in FeSe0.5Te0.5 films. T-c is enhanced due to the nanoscale compressive strain and proximity effect, whereas J(c) is doubled under zero field at 4.2 K through strong vortex pinning by the cascade defects and surrounding nanoscale strain. At 12 K and above 15 T, one order of magnitude of J(c) enhancement is achieved in both parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields to the film surface.
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Date Issued: 2016-10-06
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000385556300001, 10.1038/ncomms13036
Format: Citation

Title: Marine Spatial Planning Makes Room For Offshore Aquaculture In Crowded Coastal Waters.
Creator: Lester, S. E., Stevens, J. M., Gentry, R. R., Kappel, C. V., Bell, T. W., Costello, C. J., Gaines, S. D., Kiefer, D. A., Maue, C. C., Rensel, J. E., Simons, R. D., Washburn, L.,...
Show moreLester, S. E., Stevens, J. M., Gentry, R. R., Kappel, C. V., Bell, T. W., Costello, C. J., Gaines, S. D., Kiefer, D. A., Maue, C. C., Rensel, J. E., Simons, R. D., Washburn, L., White, C.
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Abstract/Description: Marine spatial planning (MSP) seeks to reduce conflicts and environmental impacts, and promote sustainable use of marine ecosystems. Existing MSP approaches have successfully determined how to achieve target levels of ocean area for particular uses while minimizing costs and impacts, but they do not provide a framework that derives analytical solutions in order to co-ordinate siting of multiple uses while balancing the effects of planning on each sector in the system. We develop such a...
Show moreMarine spatial planning (MSP) seeks to reduce conflicts and environmental impacts, and promote sustainable use of marine ecosystems. Existing MSP approaches have successfully determined how to achieve target levels of ocean area for particular uses while minimizing costs and impacts, but they do not provide a framework that derives analytical solutions in order to co-ordinate siting of multiple uses while balancing the effects of planning on each sector in the system. We develop such a framework for guiding offshore aquaculture (bivalve, finfish, and kelp farming) development in relation to existing sectors and environmental concerns (wild-capture fisheries, viewshed quality, benthic pollution, and disease spread) in California, USA. We identify > 250,000 MSP solutions that generate significant seafood supply and billions of dollars in revenue with minimal impacts (often <1%) on existing sectors and the environment. We filter solutions to identify candidate locations for high-value, low-impact aquaculture development. Finally, we confirm the expectation of substantial value of our framework over conventional planning focused on maximizing individual objectives.
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Date Issued: 2018-03-05
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000426543800012, 10.1038/s41467-018-03249-1
Format: Citation

Title: Magnetic Torque Anomaly In The Quantum Limit Of Weyl Semimetals.
Creator: Moll, Philip J. W., Potter, Andrew C., Nair, Nityan L., Ramshaw, B. J., Modic, K. A., Riggs, Scott, Zeng, Bin, Ghimire, Nirmal J., Bauer, Eric D., Kealhofer, Robert, Ronning,...
Show moreMoll, Philip J. W., Potter, Andrew C., Nair, Nityan L., Ramshaw, B. J., Modic, K. A., Riggs, Scott, Zeng, Bin, Ghimire, Nirmal J., Bauer, Eric D., Kealhofer, Robert, Ronning, Filip, Analytis, James G.
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Abstract/Description: Electrons in materials with linear dispersion behave as massless Weyl-or Dirac-quasi-particles, and continue to intrigue due to their close resemblance to elusive ultra-relativistic particles as well as their potential for future electronics. Yet the experimental signatures of Weyl-fermions are often subtle and indirect, in particular if they coexist with conventional, massive quasiparticles. Here we show a pronounced anomaly in the magnetic torque of the Weyl semimetal NbAs upon entering the...
Show moreElectrons in materials with linear dispersion behave as massless Weyl-or Dirac-quasi-particles, and continue to intrigue due to their close resemblance to elusive ultra-relativistic particles as well as their potential for future electronics. Yet the experimental signatures of Weyl-fermions are often subtle and indirect, in particular if they coexist with conventional, massive quasiparticles. Here we show a pronounced anomaly in the magnetic torque of the Weyl semimetal NbAs upon entering the quantum limit state in high magnetic fields. The torque changes sign in the quantum limit, signalling a reversal of the magnetic anisotropy that can be directly attributed to the topological nature of the Weyl electrons. Our results establish that anomalous quantum limit torque measurements provide a direct experimental method to identify and distinguish Weyl and Dirac systems.
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Date Issued: 2016-08
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000381905000001, 10.1038/ncomms12492
Format: Citation

Title: The M(6)a Pathway Facilitates Sex Determination In Drosophila.
Creator: Kan, Lijuan, Grozhik, Anya V., Vedanayagam, Jeffrey, Patil, Deepak P., Pang, Nan, Lim, Kok-Seong, Huang, Yi-Chun, Joseph, Brian, Lin, Ching-Jung, Despic, Vladimir, Guo, Jian,...
Show moreKan, Lijuan, Grozhik, Anya V., Vedanayagam, Jeffrey, Patil, Deepak P., Pang, Nan, Lim, Kok-Seong, Huang, Yi-Chun, Joseph, Brian, Lin, Ching-Jung, Despic, Vladimir, Guo, Jian, Yan, Dong, Kondo, Shu, Deng, Wu-Min, Dedon, Peter C., Jaffrey, Samie R., Lai, Eric C.
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Abstract/Description: The conserved modification N-6-methyladenosine (m(6)A) modulates mRNA processing and activity. Here, we establish the Drosophila system to study the m(6)A pathway. We first apply miCLIP to map m(6)A across embryogenesis, characterize its m(6)A 'writer' complex, validate its YTH 'readers' CG6422 and YT521-B, and generate mutants in five m(6)A factors. While m(6)A factors with additional roles in splicing are lethal, m(6)A-specific mutants are viable but present certain developmental and...
Show moreThe conserved modification N-6-methyladenosine (m(6)A) modulates mRNA processing and activity. Here, we establish the Drosophila system to study the m(6)A pathway. We first apply miCLIP to map m(6)A across embryogenesis, characterize its m(6)A 'writer' complex, validate its YTH 'readers' CG6422 and YT521-B, and generate mutants in five m(6)A factors. While m(6)A factors with additional roles in splicing are lethal, m(6)A-specific mutants are viable but present certain developmental and behavioural defects. Notably, m(6)A facilitates the master female determinant Sxl, since multiple m(6)A components enhance female lethality in Sxl sensitized backgrounds. The m(6)A pathway regulates Sxl processing directly, since miCLIP data reveal Sxl as a major intronic m(6)A target, and female-specific Sxl splicing is compromised in multiple m(6)A pathway mutants. YT521-B is a dominant m(6)A effector for Sxl regulation, and YT521-B overexpression can induce female-specific Sxl splicing. Overall, our transcriptomic and genetic toolkit reveals in vivo biologic function for the Drosophila m(6)A pathway.
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Date Issued: 2017-07-04
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000404640800001, 10.1038/ncomms15737
Format: Citation

Title: Interplanar coupling-dependent magnetoresistivity in high-purity layered metals.
Creator: Kikugawa, N., Goswami, P., Kiswandhi, A., Choi, E. S., Graf, D., Baumbach, R. E., Brooks, J. S., Sugii, K., Iida, Y., Nishio, M., Uji, S., Terashima, T., Rourke, P. M. C.,...
Show moreKikugawa, N., Goswami, P., Kiswandhi, A., Choi, E. S., Graf, D., Baumbach, R. E., Brooks, J. S., Sugii, K., Iida, Y., Nishio, M., Uji, S., Terashima, T., Rourke, P. M. C., Hussey, N. E., Takatsu, H., Yonezawa, S., Maeno, Y., Balicas, L.
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Abstract/Description: The magnetic field-induced changes in the conductivity of metals are the subject of intense interest, both for revealing new phenomena and as a valuable tool for determining their Fermi surface. Here we report a hitherto unobserved magnetoresistive effect in ultra-clean layered metals, namely a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance that is capable of overcoming their very pronounced orbital one. This effect is correlated with the interlayer coupling disappearing for fields applied along the...
Show moreThe magnetic field-induced changes in the conductivity of metals are the subject of intense interest, both for revealing new phenomena and as a valuable tool for determining their Fermi surface. Here we report a hitherto unobserved magnetoresistive effect in ultra-clean layered metals, namely a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance that is capable of overcoming their very pronounced orbital one. This effect is correlated with the interlayer coupling disappearing for fields applied along the so-called Yamaji angles where the interlayer coupling vanishes. Therefore, it is intrinsically associated with the Fermi points in the field-induced quasi-one-dimensional electronic dispersion, implying that it results from the axial anomaly among these Fermi points. In its original formulation, the anomaly is predicted to violate separate number conservation laws for left-and right-handed chiral (for example, Weyl) fermions. Its observation in PdCoO2, PtCoO2 and Sr2RuO4 suggests that the anomaly affects the transport of clean conductors, in particular near the quantum limit.
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Date Issued: 2016-03
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000373117500001, 10.1038/ncomms10903
Format: Citation

Title: Beyond A Phenomenological Description Of Magnetostriction.
Creator: Reid, A. H., Shen, X., Maldonado, P., Chase, T., Jal, E., Granitzka, P. W., Carva, K., Li, R. K., Li, J., Wu, L., Vecchione, T., Liu, T., Chen, Z., Higley, D. J., Hartmann, N.,...
Show moreReid, A. H., Shen, X., Maldonado, P., Chase, T., Jal, E., Granitzka, P. W., Carva, K., Li, R. K., Li, J., Wu, L., Vecchione, T., Liu, T., Chen, Z., Higley, D. J., Hartmann, N., Coffee, R., Wu, J., Dakovski, G. L., Schlotter, W. F., Ohldag, H., Takahashi, Y. K., Mehta, V., Hellwig, O., Fry, A., Zhu, Y., Cao, J., Fullerton, E. E., Stohr, J., Oppeneer, P. M., Wang, X. J., Durr, H. A.
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Abstract/Description: Magnetostriction, the strain induced by a change in magnetization, is a universal effect in magnetic materials. Owing to the difficulty in unraveling its microscopic origin, it has been largely treated phenomenologically. Here, we show how the source of magnetostriction-the underlying magnetoelastic stress-can be separated in the time domain, opening the door for an atomistic understanding. X-ray and electron diffraction are used to separate the subpicosecond spin and lattice responses of...
Show moreMagnetostriction, the strain induced by a change in magnetization, is a universal effect in magnetic materials. Owing to the difficulty in unraveling its microscopic origin, it has been largely treated phenomenologically. Here, we show how the source of magnetostriction-the underlying magnetoelastic stress-can be separated in the time domain, opening the door for an atomistic understanding. X-ray and electron diffraction are used to separate the subpicosecond spin and lattice responses of FePt nanoparticles. Following excitation with a 50-fs laser pulse, time-resolved X-ray diffraction demonstrates that magnetic order is lost within the nanoparticles with a time constant of 146 fs. Ultrafast electron diffraction reveals that this demagnetization is followed by an anisotropic, three-dimensional lattice motion. Analysis of the size, speed, and symmetry of the lattice motion, together with ab initio calculations accounting for the stresses due to electrons and phonons, allow us to reveal the magnetoelastic stress generated by demagnetization.
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Date Issued: 2018-01-26
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000423430900008, 10.1038/s41467-017-02730-7
Format: Citation

Title: Beyond A Phenomenological Description Of Magnetostriction (vol 9, 388, 2018).
Creator: Reid, A. H., Shen, X., Maldonado, P., Chase, T., Jal, E., Granitzka, P. W., Carva, K., Li, R. K., Li, J., Wu, L., Vecchione, T., Liu, T., Chen, Z., Higley, D. J., Hartmann, N.,...
Show moreReid, A. H., Shen, X., Maldonado, P., Chase, T., Jal, E., Granitzka, P. W., Carva, K., Li, R. K., Li, J., Wu, L., Vecchione, T., Liu, T., Chen, Z., Higley, D. J., Hartmann, N., Coffee, R., Wu, J., Dakowski, G. L., Schlotter, W. F., Ohldag, H., Takahashi, Y. K., Mehta, V., Hellwig, O., Fry, A., Zhu, Y., Cao, J., Fullerton, E. E., Stohr, J., Oppeneer, P. M., Wang, X. J., Durr, H. A.
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Date Issued: 2018-03-07
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000426899700003, 10.1038/s41467-018-03389-4
Format: Citation

Title: Overcoming The Crystallization And Designability Issues In The Ultrastable Zirconium Phosphonate Framework System.
Creator: Zheng, Tao, Yang, Zaixing, Gui, Daxiang, Liu, Zhiyong, Wang, Xiangxiang, Dai, Xing, Liu, Shengtang, Zhang, Linjuan, Gao, Yang, Chen, Lanhua, Sheng, Daopeng, Wang, Yanlong, Diwu,...
Show moreZheng, Tao, Yang, Zaixing, Gui, Daxiang, Liu, Zhiyong, Wang, Xiangxiang, Dai, Xing, Liu, Shengtang, Zhang, Linjuan, Gao, Yang, Chen, Lanhua, Sheng, Daopeng, Wang, Yanlong, Diwu, Juan, Wang, Jianqiang, Zhou, Ruhong, Chai, Zhifang, Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E., Wang, Shuao
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Abstract/Description: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on zirconium phosphonates exhibit superior chemical stability suitable for applications under harsh conditions. These compounds mostly exist as poorly crystallized precipitates, and precise structural information has therefore remained elusive. Furthermore, a zero-dimensional zirconium phosphonate cluster acting as secondary building unit has been lacking, leading to poor designability in this system. Herein, we overcome these challenges and obtain single...
Show moreMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on zirconium phosphonates exhibit superior chemical stability suitable for applications under harsh conditions. These compounds mostly exist as poorly crystallized precipitates, and precise structural information has therefore remained elusive. Furthermore, a zero-dimensional zirconium phosphonate cluster acting as secondary building unit has been lacking, leading to poor designability in this system. Herein, we overcome these challenges and obtain single crystals of three zirconium phosphonates that are suitable for structural analysis. These compounds are built by previously unknown isolated zirconium phosphonate clusters and exhibit combined high porosity and ultrastability even in fuming acids. SZ-2 possesses the largest void volume recorded in zirconium phosphonates and SZ-3 represents the most porous crystalline zirconium phosphonate and the only porous MOF material reported to survive in aqua regia. SZ-2 and SZ-3 can effectively remove uranyl ions from aqueous solutions over a wide pH range, and we have elucidated the removal mechanism.
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Date Issued: 2017-05-30
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000402303600001, 10.1038/ncomms15369
Format: Citation

Title: Platelet Function Is Modified By Common Sequence Variation In Megakaryocyte Super Enhancers.
Creator: Petersen, Romina, Lambourne, John J., Javierre, Biola M., Grassi, Luigi, Kreuzhuber, Roman, Ruklisa, Dace, Rosa, Isabel M., Tome, Ana R., Elding, Heather, van Geffen, Johanna P....
Show morePetersen, Romina, Lambourne, John J., Javierre, Biola M., Grassi, Luigi, Kreuzhuber, Roman, Ruklisa, Dace, Rosa, Isabel M., Tome, Ana R., Elding, Heather, van Geffen, Johanna P., Jiang, Tao, Farrow, Samantha, Cairns, Jonathan, Al-Subaie, Abeer M., Ashford, Sofie, Attwood, Antony, Batista, Joana, Bouman, Heleen, Burden, Frances, Choudry, Fizzah A., Clarke, Laura, Flicek, Paul, Garner, Stephen F., Haimel, Matthias, Kempster, Carly, Ladopoulos, Vasileios, Lenaerts, An-Sofie, Materek, Paulina M., McKinney, Harriet, Meacham, Stuart, Mead, Daniel, Nagy, Magdolna, Penkett, Christopher J., Rendon, Augusto, Seyres, Denis, Sun, Benjamin, Tuna, Salih, van der Weide, Marie-Elise, Wingett, Steven W., Martens, Joost H., Stegle, Oliver, Richardson, Sylvia, Vallier, Ludovic, Roberts, David J., Freson, Kathleen, Wernisch, Lorenz, Stunnenberg, Hendrik G., Danesh, John, Fraser, Peter, Soranzo, Nicole, Butterworth, Adam S., Heemskerk, Johan W., Turro, Ernest, Spivakov, Mikhail, Ouwehand, Willem H., Astle, William J., Downes, Kate, Kostadima, Myrto, Frontini, Mattia
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Abstract/Description: Linking non-coding genetic variants associated with the risk of diseases or disease-relevant traits to target genes is a crucial step to realize GWAS potential in the introduction of precision medicine. Here we set out to determine the mechanisms underpinning variant association with platelet quantitative traits using cell type-matched epigenomic data and promoter long-range interactions. We identify potential regulatory functions for 423 of 565 (75%) non-coding variants associated with...
Show moreLinking non-coding genetic variants associated with the risk of diseases or disease-relevant traits to target genes is a crucial step to realize GWAS potential in the introduction of precision medicine. Here we set out to determine the mechanisms underpinning variant association with platelet quantitative traits using cell type-matched epigenomic data and promoter long-range interactions. We identify potential regulatory functions for 423 of 565 (75%) non-coding variants associated with platelet traits and we demonstrate, through ex vivo and proof of principle genome editing validation, that variants in super enhancers play an important role in controlling archetypical platelet functions.
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Date Issued: 2017-07-13
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000405401600001, 10.1038/ncomms16058
Format: Citation

Title: Polar Rotor Scattering As Atomic-level Origin Of Low Mobility And Thermal Conductivity Of Perovskite Ch3nh3pbi3.
Creator: Li, Bing, Kawakita, Yukinobu, Liu, Yucheng, Wang, Mingchao, Matsuura, Masato, Shibata, Kaoru, Ohira-Kawamura, Seiko, Yamada, Takeshi, Lin, Shangchao, Nakajima, Kenji, Liu,...
Show moreLi, Bing, Kawakita, Yukinobu, Liu, Yucheng, Wang, Mingchao, Matsuura, Masato, Shibata, Kaoru, Ohira-Kawamura, Seiko, Yamada, Takeshi, Lin, Shangchao, Nakajima, Kenji, Liu, Shengzhong
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Abstract/Description: Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 exhibits outstanding photovoltaic performances, but the understanding of the atomic motions remains inadequate even though they take a fundamental role in transport properties. Here, we present a complete atomic dynamic picture consisting of molecular jumping rotational modes and phonons, which is established by carrying out high-resolution time-of-flight quasi-elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in a wide energy window ranging from 0.0036 to 54 meV on...
Show morePerovskite CH3NH3PbI3 exhibits outstanding photovoltaic performances, but the understanding of the atomic motions remains inadequate even though they take a fundamental role in transport properties. Here, we present a complete atomic dynamic picture consisting of molecular jumping rotational modes and phonons, which is established by carrying out high-resolution time-of-flight quasi-elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in a wide energy window ranging from 0.0036 to 54 meV on a large single crystal sample, respectively. The ultrafast orientational disorder of molecular dipoles, activated at similar to 165 K, acts as an additional scattering source for optical phonons as well as for charge carriers. It is revealed that acoustic phonons dominate the thermal transport, rather than optical phonons due to sub-picosecond lifetimes. These microscopic insights provide a solid standing point, on which perovskite solar cells can be understood more accurately and their performances are perhaps further optimized.
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Date Issued: 2017-06-30
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000404455400001, 10.1038/ncomms16086
Format: Citation

Title: Orbital two-channel Kondo effect in epitaxial ferromagnetic L1(0)-MnAl films.
Creator: Zhu, L. J., Nie, S. H., Xiong, P., Schlottmann, P., Zhao, J. H.
Abstract/Description: The orbital two-channel Kondo effect displaying exotic non-Fermi liquid behaviour arises in the intricate scenario of two conduction electrons compensating a pseudo-spin-1/2 impurity of two-level system. Despite extensive efforts for several decades, no material system has been clearly identified to exhibit all three transport regimes characteristic of the two-channel Kondo effect in the same sample, leaving the interpretation of the experimental results a subject of debate. Here we present a...
Show moreThe orbital two-channel Kondo effect displaying exotic non-Fermi liquid behaviour arises in the intricate scenario of two conduction electrons compensating a pseudo-spin-1/2 impurity of two-level system. Despite extensive efforts for several decades, no material system has been clearly identified to exhibit all three transport regimes characteristic of the two-channel Kondo effect in the same sample, leaving the interpretation of the experimental results a subject of debate. Here we present a transport study suggestive of a robust orbital two-channel Kondo effect in epitaxial ferromagnetic L1(0)-MnAl films, as evidenced by a magnetic field-independent resistivity upturn with a clear transition from logarithmic- to square-root temperature dependence and deviation from it in three distinct temperature regimes. Our results also provide an experimental indication of the presence of two-channel Kondo physics in a ferromagnet, pointing to considerable robustness of the orbital two-channel Kondo effect even in the presence of spin polarization of the conduction electrons.
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Date Issued: 2016-02
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000371042300002, 10.1038/ncomms10817
Format: Citation

Title: Unfolding the physics of URu2Si2 through silicon to phosphorus substitution.
Creator: Gallagher, A., Chen, K.-W., Moir, C. M., Cary, S. K., Kametani, F., Kikugawa, N., Graf, D., Albrecht-Schmitt, T. E., Riggs, S. C., Shekhter, A., Baumbach, R. E.
Abstract/Description: The heavy fermion intermetallic compound URu2Si2 exhibits a hidden-order phase below the temperature of 17.5 K, which supports both anomalous metallic behavior and unconventional superconductivity. While these individual phenomena have been investigated in detail, it remains unclear how they are related to each other and to what extent uranium f-electron valence fluctuations influence each one. Here we use ligand site substituted URu2Si2-xPx to establish their evolution under electronic...
Show moreThe heavy fermion intermetallic compound URu2Si2 exhibits a hidden-order phase below the temperature of 17.5 K, which supports both anomalous metallic behavior and unconventional superconductivity. While these individual phenomena have been investigated in detail, it remains unclear how they are related to each other and to what extent uranium f-electron valence fluctuations influence each one. Here we use ligand site substituted URu2Si2-xPx to establish their evolution under electronic tuning. We find that while hidden order is monotonically suppressed and destroyed for x <= 0.035, the superconducting strength evolves non-monotonically with a maximum near x approximate to 0.01 and that superconductivity is destroyed near x approximate to 0.028. This behavior reveals that hidden order depends strongly on tuning outside of the U f-electron shells. It also suggests that while hidden order provides an environment for superconductivity and anomalous metallic behavior, it's fluctuations may not be solely responsible for their progression.
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Date Issued: 2016-02
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000371035200013, 10.1038/ncomms10712
Format: Citation

Title: Promoter Interactome Of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes Connects Gwas Regions To Cardiac Gene Networks.
Creator: Choy, Mun-Kit, Javierre, Biola M., Williams, Simon G., Baross, Stephanie L., Liu, Yingjuan, Wingett, Steven W., Akbarov, Artur, Wallace, Chris, Freire-Pritchett, Paula, Rugg...
Show moreChoy, Mun-Kit, Javierre, Biola M., Williams, Simon G., Baross, Stephanie L., Liu, Yingjuan, Wingett, Steven W., Akbarov, Artur, Wallace, Chris, Freire-Pritchett, Paula, Rugg-Gunn, Peter J., Spivakov, Mikhail, Fraser, Peter, Keavney, Bernard D.
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Abstract/Description: Long-range chromosomal interactions bring distal regulatory elements and promoters together to regulate gene expression in biological processes. By performing promoter capture Hi-C (PCHi-C) on human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs), we show that such promoter interactions are a key mechanism by which enhancers contact their target genes after hESC-CM differentiation from hESCs. We also show that the promoter interactome of hESC-CMs is associated with expression...
Show moreLong-range chromosomal interactions bring distal regulatory elements and promoters together to regulate gene expression in biological processes. By performing promoter capture Hi-C (PCHi-C) on human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs), we show that such promoter interactions are a key mechanism by which enhancers contact their target genes after hESC-CM differentiation from hESCs. We also show that the promoter interactome of hESC-CMs is associated with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in cardiac left ventricular tissue; captures the dynamic process of genome reorganisation after hESC-CM differentiation; overlaps genome-wide association study (GWAS) regions associated with heart rate; and identifies new candidate genes in such regions. These findings indicate that regulatory elements in hESC-CMs identified by our approach control gene expression involved in ventricular conduction and rhythm of the heart. The study of promoter interactions in other hESC-derived cell types may be of utility in functional investigation of GWAS-associated regions.
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Date Issued: 2018-06-28
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000436548700017, 10.1038/s41467-018-04931-0
Format: Citation

Title: Crystallization of spin superlattices with pressure and field in the layered magnet SrCu2(BO3)(2).
Creator: Haravifard, S., Graf, D., Feiguin, A. E., Batista, C. D., Lang, J. C., Silevitch, D. M., Srajer, G., Gaulin, B. D., Dabkowska, H. A., Rosenbaum, T. F.
Abstract/Description: An exact mapping between quantum spins and boson gases provides fresh approaches to the creation of quantum condensates and crystals. Here we report on magnetization measurements on the dimerized quantum magnet SrCu2(BO3)(2) at cryogenic temperatures and through a quantum-phase transition that demonstrate the emergence of fractionally filled bosonic crystals in mesoscopic patterns, specified by a sequence of magnetization plateaus. We apply tens of Teslas of magnetic field to tune the density...
Show moreAn exact mapping between quantum spins and boson gases provides fresh approaches to the creation of quantum condensates and crystals. Here we report on magnetization measurements on the dimerized quantum magnet SrCu2(BO3)(2) at cryogenic temperatures and through a quantum-phase transition that demonstrate the emergence of fractionally filled bosonic crystals in mesoscopic patterns, specified by a sequence of magnetization plateaus. We apply tens of Teslas of magnetic field to tune the density of bosons and gigapascals of hydrostatic pressure to regulate the underlying interactions. Simulations help parse the balance between energy and geometry in the emergent spin superlattices. The magnetic crystallites are the end result of a progression from a direct product of singlet states in each short dimer at zero field to preferred filling fractions of spin-triplet bosons in each dimer at large magnetic field, enriching the known possibilities for collective states in both quantum spin and atomic systems.
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Date Issued: 2016-06
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000379086000001, 10.1038/ncomms11956
Format: Citation

Title: Rare Earth Separations By Selective Borate Crystallization.
Creator: Yin, Xuemiao, Wang, Yaxing, Bai, Xiaojing, Wang, Yumin, Chen, Lanhua, Xiao, Chengliang, Diwu, Juan, Du, Shiyu, Chai, Zhifang, Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E., Wang, Shuao
Abstract/Description: Lanthanides possess similar chemical properties rendering their separation from one another a challenge of fundamental chemical and global importance given their incorporation into many advanced technologies. New separation strategies combining green chemistry with low cost and high efficiency remain highly desirable. We demonstrate that the subtle bonding differences among trivalent lanthanides can be amplified during the crystallization of borates, providing chemical recognition of specific...
Show moreLanthanides possess similar chemical properties rendering their separation from one another a challenge of fundamental chemical and global importance given their incorporation into many advanced technologies. New separation strategies combining green chemistry with low cost and high efficiency remain highly desirable. We demonstrate that the subtle bonding differences among trivalent lanthanides can be amplified during the crystallization of borates, providing chemical recognition of specific lanthanides that originates from Ln(3+) coordination alterations, borate polymerization diversity and soft ligand coordination selectivity. Six distinct phases are obtained under identical reaction conditions across lanthanide series, further leading to an efficient and cost-effective separation strategy via selective crystallization. As proof of concept, Nd/Sm and Nd/Dy are used as binary models to demonstrate solid/aqueous and solid/solid separation processes. Controlling the reaction kinetics gives rise to enhanced separation efficiency of Nd/Sm system and a one-step quantitative separation of Nd/Dy with the aid of selective density-based flotation.
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Date Issued: 2017-03-14
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000396103600001, 10.1038/ncomms14438
Format: Citation

Title: Spatially Inhomogeneous Electron State Deep In The Extreme Quantum Limit Of Strontium Titanate.
Creator: Bhattacharya, Anand, Skinner, Brian, Khalsa, Guru, Suslov, Alexey V.
Abstract/Description: When an electronic system is subjected to a sufficiently strong magnetic field that the cyclotron energy is much larger than the Fermi energy, the system enters the extreme quantum limit (EQL) and becomes susceptible to a number of instabilities. Bringing a three-dimensional electronic system deeply into the EQL can be difficult however, since it requires a small Fermi energy, large magnetic field, and low disorder. Here we present an experimental study of the EQL in lightly-doped single...
Show moreWhen an electronic system is subjected to a sufficiently strong magnetic field that the cyclotron energy is much larger than the Fermi energy, the system enters the extreme quantum limit (EQL) and becomes susceptible to a number of instabilities. Bringing a three-dimensional electronic system deeply into the EQL can be difficult however, since it requires a small Fermi energy, large magnetic field, and low disorder. Here we present an experimental study of the EQL in lightly-doped single crystals of strontium titanate. Our experiments probe deeply into the regime where theory has long predicted an interaction-driven charge density wave or Wigner crystal state. A number of interesting features arise in the transport in this regime, including a striking re-entrant nonlinearity in the current-voltage characteristics. We discuss these features in the context of possible correlated electron states, and present an alternative picture based on magnetic-field induced puddling of electrons.
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Date Issued: 2016-09
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000385388600001, 10.1038/ncomms12974
Format: Citation

Title: Temperature-driven Massless Kane Fermions In Hgcdte Crystals.
Creator: Teppe, F., Marcinkiewicz, M., Krishtopenko, S. S., Ruffenach, S., Consejo, C., Kadykov, A. M., Desrat, W., But, D., Knap, W., Ludwig, J., Moon, S., Smirnov, D., Orlita, M.,...
Show moreTeppe, F., Marcinkiewicz, M., Krishtopenko, S. S., Ruffenach, S., Consejo, C., Kadykov, A. M., Desrat, W., But, D., Knap, W., Ludwig, J., Moon, S., Smirnov, D., Orlita, M., Jiang, Z., Morozov, S. V., Gavrilenko, V. I., Mikhailov, N. N., Dvoretskii, S. A.
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Abstract/Description: It has recently been shown that electronic states in bulk gapless HgCdTe offer another realization of pseudo-relativistic three-dimensional particles in condensed matter systems. These single valley relativistic states, massless Kane fermions, cannot be described by any other relativistic particles. Furthermore, the HgCdTe band structure can be continuously tailored by modifying cadmium content or temperature. At critical concentration or temperature, the bandgap collapses as the system...
Show moreIt has recently been shown that electronic states in bulk gapless HgCdTe offer another realization of pseudo-relativistic three-dimensional particles in condensed matter systems. These single valley relativistic states, massless Kane fermions, cannot be described by any other relativistic particles. Furthermore, the HgCdTe band structure can be continuously tailored by modifying cadmium content or temperature. At critical concentration or temperature, the bandgap collapses as the system undergoes a semimetal-to-semiconductor topological phase transition between the inverted and normal alignments. Here, using far-infrared magneto-spectroscopy we explore the continuous evolution of band structure of bulk HgCdTe as temperature is tuned across the topological phase transition. We demonstrate that the rest mass of Kane fermions changes sign at critical temperature, whereas their velocity remains constant. The velocity universal value of (1.07 +/- 0.05) x 10(6) m s(-1) remains valid in a broad range of temperatures and Cd concentrations, indicating a striking universality of the pseudo-relativistic description of the Kane fermions in HgCdTe.
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Date Issued: 2016-08
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000384683700001, 10.1038/ncomms12576
Format: Citation

Title: Single-cell Replication Profiling To Measure Stochastic Variation In Mammalian Replication Timing.
Creator: Dileep, Vishnu, Gilbert, David M.
Abstract/Description: Mammalian DNA replication is regulated via multi-replicon segments that replicate in a defined temporal order during S-phase. Further, early/late replication of RDs corresponds to active/inactive chromatin interaction compartments. Although replication origins are selected stochastically, variation in replication timing is poorly understood. Here we devise a strategy to measure variation in replication timing using DNA copy number in single mouse embryonic stem cells. We find that borders...
Show moreMammalian DNA replication is regulated via multi-replicon segments that replicate in a defined temporal order during S-phase. Further, early/late replication of RDs corresponds to active/inactive chromatin interaction compartments. Although replication origins are selected stochastically, variation in replication timing is poorly understood. Here we devise a strategy to measure variation in replication timing using DNA copy number in single mouse embryonic stem cells. We find that borders between replicated and unreplicated DNA are highly conserved between cells, demarcating active and inactive compartments of the nucleus. Fifty percent of replication events deviated from their average replication time by +/- 15% of S phase. This degree of variation is similar between cells, between homologs within cells and between all domains genomewide, regardless of their replication timing. These results demonstrate that stochastic variation in replication timing is independent of elements that dictate timing or extrinsic environmental variation.
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Date Issued: 2018-01-30
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000423510600004, 10.1038/s41467-017-02800-w
Format: Citation

Title: How High Energy Fluxes May Affect Rayleigh-taylor Instability Growth In Young Supernova Remnants.
Creator: Kuranz, C. C., Park, H.-S., Huntington, C. M., Miles, A. R., Remington, B. A., Plewa, T., Trantham, M. R., Robey, H. F., Shvarts, D., Shimony, A., Raman, K., MacLaren, S., Wan,...
Show moreKuranz, C. C., Park, H.-S., Huntington, C. M., Miles, A. R., Remington, B. A., Plewa, T., Trantham, M. R., Robey, H. F., Shvarts, D., Shimony, A., Raman, K., MacLaren, S., Wan, W. C., Doss, F. W., Kline, J., Flippo, K. A., Malamud, G., Handy, T. A., Prisbrey, S., Krauland, C. M., Klein, S. R., Harding, E. C., Wallace, R., Grosskopf, M. J., Marion, D. C., Kalantar, D., Giraldez, E., Drake, R. P.
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Abstract/Description: Energy-transport effects can alter the structure that develops as a supernova evolves into a supernova remnant. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is thought to produce structure at the interface between the stellar ejecta and the circumstellar matter, based on simple models and hydrodynamic simulations. Here we report experimental results from the National Ignition Facility to explore how large energy fluxes, which are present in supernovae, affect this structure. We observed a reduction in...
Show moreEnergy-transport effects can alter the structure that develops as a supernova evolves into a supernova remnant. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is thought to produce structure at the interface between the stellar ejecta and the circumstellar matter, based on simple models and hydrodynamic simulations. Here we report experimental results from the National Ignition Facility to explore how large energy fluxes, which are present in supernovae, affect this structure. We observed a reduction in Rayleigh-Taylor growth. In analyzing the comparison with supernova SN1993J, a Type II supernova, we found that the energy fluxes produced by heat conduction appear to be larger than the radiative energy fluxes, and large enough to have dramatic consequences. No reported astrophysical simulations have included radiation and heat conduction self-consistently in modeling supernova remnants and these dynamics should be noted in the understanding of young supernova remnants.
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Date Issued: 2018-04-19
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000430389100016, 10.1038/s41467-018-03548-7
Format: Citation

Title: Phylogenomics Uncovers Early Hybridization And Adaptive Loci Shaping The Radiation Of Lake Tanganyika Cichlid Fishes.
Creator: Irisarri, Iker, Singh, Pooja, Koblmuller, Stephan, Torres-Dowdall, Julian, Henning, Frederico, Franchini, Paolo, Fischer, Christoph, Lemmon, Alan R., Lemmon, Emily Moriarty,...
Show moreIrisarri, Iker, Singh, Pooja, Koblmuller, Stephan, Torres-Dowdall, Julian, Henning, Frederico, Franchini, Paolo, Fischer, Christoph, Lemmon, Alan R., Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Thallinger, Gerhard G., Sturmbauer, Christian, Meyer, Axel
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Abstract/Description: Lake Tanganyika is the oldest and phenotypically most diverse of the three East African cichlid fish adaptive radiations. It is also the cradle for the younger parallel haplochromine cichlid radiations in Lakes Malawi and Victoria. Despite its evolutionary significance, the relationships among the main Lake Tanganyika lineages remained unresolved, as did the general timescale of cichlid evolution. Here, we disentangle the deep phylogenetic structure of the Lake Tanganyika radiation using...
Show moreLake Tanganyika is the oldest and phenotypically most diverse of the three East African cichlid fish adaptive radiations. It is also the cradle for the younger parallel haplochromine cichlid radiations in Lakes Malawi and Victoria. Despite its evolutionary significance, the relationships among the main Lake Tanganyika lineages remained unresolved, as did the general timescale of cichlid evolution. Here, we disentangle the deep phylogenetic structure of the Lake Tanganyika radiation using anchored phylogenomics and uncover hybridization at its base, as well as early in the haplochromine radiation. This suggests that hybridization might have facilitated these speciation bursts. Time-calibrated trees support that the radiation of Tanganyika cichlids coincided with lake formation and that Gondwanan vicariance concurred with the earliest splits in the cichlid family tree. Genes linked to key innovations show signals of introgression or positive selection following colonization of lake habitats and species' dietary adaptations are revealed as major drivers of colour vision evolution. These findings shed light onto the processes shaping the evolution of adaptive radiations.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-08
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000440982800001, 10.1038/s41467-018-05479-9
Format: Citation

Title: The Nature Of Spin Excitations In The One-third Magnetization Plateau Phase Of Ba3cosb2o9 (vol 9, 2666, 2018).
Creator: Kamiya, Y., Ge, L., Hong, Tao, Qiu, Y., Quintero-Castro, D. L., Lu, Z., Cao, H. B., Matsuda, M., Choi, E. S., Batista, C. D., Mourigal, M., Zhou, H. D., Ma, J.
Date Issued: 2018-08-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000440414100002, 10.1038/s41467-018-05679-3
Format: Citation

Title: The Nature Of Spin Excitations In The One-third Magnetization Plateau Phase Of Ba3cosb2o9.
Creator: Kamiya, Y., Ge, L., Hong, Tao, Qiu, Y., Quintero-Castro, D. L., Lu, Z., Cao, H. B., Matsuda, M., Choi, E. S., Batista, C. D., Mourigal, M., Zhou, N. D., Ma, J.
Abstract/Description: Magnetization plateaus in quantum magnets-where bosonic quasiparticles crystallize into emergent spin superlattices-are spectacular yet simple examples of collective quantum phenomena escaping classical description. While magnetization plateaus have been observed in a number of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets, the description of their magnetic excitations remains an open theoretical and experimental challenge. Here, we investigate the dynamical properties of the triangular-lattice spin-1/2...
Show moreMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets-where bosonic quasiparticles crystallize into emergent spin superlattices-are spectacular yet simple examples of collective quantum phenomena escaping classical description. While magnetization plateaus have been observed in a number of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets, the description of their magnetic excitations remains an open theoretical and experimental challenge. Here, we investigate the dynamical properties of the triangular-lattice spin-1/2 antiferromagnet Ba3CoSb2O9 in its one-third magnetization plateau phase using a combination of nonlinear spin-wave theory and neutron scattering measurements. The agreement between our theoretical treatment and the experimental data demonstrates that magnons behave semiclassically in the plateau in spite of the purely quantum origin of the underlying magnetic structure. This allows for a quantitative determination of Ba3CoSb2O9 exchange parameters. We discuss the implication of our results to the deviations from semiclassical behavior observed in zero-field spin dynamics of the same material and conclude they must have an intrinsic origin.
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Date Issued: 2018-07-10
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000438031000004, 10.1038/s41467-018-04914-1
Format: Citation

Title: Spin-phonon Couplings In Transition Metal Complexes With Slow Magnetic Relaxation.
Creator: Moseley, Duncan H., Stavretis, Shelby E., Thirunavukkuarasu, Komalavalli, Ozerov, Mykhaylo, Cheng, Yongqiang, Daemen, Luke L., Ludwig, Jonathan, Lu, Zhengguang, Smirnov, Dmitry,...
Show moreMoseley, Duncan H., Stavretis, Shelby E., Thirunavukkuarasu, Komalavalli, Ozerov, Mykhaylo, Cheng, Yongqiang, Daemen, Luke L., Ludwig, Jonathan, Lu, Zhengguang, Smirnov, Dmitry, Brown, Craig M., Pandey, Anup, Ramirez-Cuesta, A. J., Lamb, Adam C., Atanasov, Mihail, Bill, Eckhard, Neese, Frank, Xue, Zi-Ling
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Abstract/Description: Spin-phonon coupling plays an important role in single-molecule magnets and molecular qubits. However, there have been few detailed studies of its nature. Here, we show for the first time distinct couplings of g phonons of Co-II(acac)(2)(H2O)(2) (acac = acetylacetonate) and its deuterated analogs with zero-field-split, excited magnetic/spin levels (Kramers doublet (KD)) of the S = 3/2 electronic ground state. The couplings are observed as avoided crossings in magnetic-field-dependent Raman...
Show moreSpin-phonon coupling plays an important role in single-molecule magnets and molecular qubits. However, there have been few detailed studies of its nature. Here, we show for the first time distinct couplings of g phonons of Co-II(acac)(2)(H2O)(2) (acac = acetylacetonate) and its deuterated analogs with zero-field-split, excited magnetic/spin levels (Kramers doublet (KD)) of the S = 3/2 electronic ground state. The couplings are observed as avoided crossings in magnetic-field-dependent Raman spectra with coupling constants of 1-2 cm(-1). Far-IR spectra reveal the magnetic-dipole-allowed, inter-KD transition, shifting to higher energy with increasing field. Density functional theory calculations are used to rationalize energies and symmetries of the phonons. A vibronic coupling model, supported by electronic structure calculations, is proposed to rationalize the behavior of the coupled Raman peaks. This work spectroscopically reveals and quantitates the spin-phonon couplings in typical transition metal complexes and sheds light on the origin of the spin-phonon entanglement.
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Date Issued: 2018-07-03
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000437101700002, 10.1038/s41467-018-04896-0
Format: Citation

Title: Biexcitons In Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Tuned By Magnetic Fields.
Creator: Stevens, Christopher E., Paul, Jagannath, Cox, Timothy, Sahoo, Prasana K., Gutierrez, Humberto R., Turkowski, Volodymyr, Semenov, Dimitry, McGill, Steven A., Kapetanakis, Myron...
Show moreStevens, Christopher E., Paul, Jagannath, Cox, Timothy, Sahoo, Prasana K., Gutierrez, Humberto R., Turkowski, Volodymyr, Semenov, Dimitry, McGill, Steven A., Kapetanakis, Myron D., Perakis, Ilias E., Hilton, David J., Karaiskaj, Denis
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Abstract/Description: We present time-integrated four-wave mixing measurements on monolayer MoSe2 in magnetic fields up to 25 T. The experimental data together with time-dependent density function theory calculations provide interesting insights into the biexciton formation and dynamics. In the presence of magnetic fields the coherence at negative and positive time delays is dominated by intervalley biexcitons. We demonstrate that magnetic fields can serve as a control to enhance the biexciton formation and help...
Show moreWe present time-integrated four-wave mixing measurements on monolayer MoSe2 in magnetic fields up to 25 T. The experimental data together with time-dependent density function theory calculations provide interesting insights into the biexciton formation and dynamics. In the presence of magnetic fields the coherence at negative and positive time delays is dominated by intervalley biexcitons. We demonstrate that magnetic fields can serve as a control to enhance the biexciton formation and help search for more exotic states of matter, including the creation of multiple exciton complexes and excitonic condensates.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-13
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000444494800004, 10.1038/s41467-018-05643-1
Format: Citation

Title: Efficient Generation Of Neutral And Charged Biexcitons In Encapsulated Wse2 Monolayers.
Creator: Ye, Ziliang, Waldecker, Lutz, Ma, Eric Yue, Rhodes, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Kim, Bumho, Zhang, Xiao-Xiao, Deng, Minda, Jiang, Yuxuan, Lu, Zhengguang, Smirnov, Dmitry,...
Show moreYe, Ziliang, Waldecker, Lutz, Ma, Eric Yue, Rhodes, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Kim, Bumho, Zhang, Xiao-Xiao, Deng, Minda, Jiang, Yuxuan, Lu, Zhengguang, Smirnov, Dmitry, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Hone, James, Heinz, Tony F.
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Abstract/Description: Higher-order correlated excitonic states arise from the mutual interactions of excitons, which generally requires a significant exciton density and therefore high excitation levels. Here, we report the emergence of two biexcitons species, one neutral and one charged, in monolayer tungsten diselenide under moderate continuous-wave excitation. The efficient formation of biexcitons is facilitated by the long lifetime of the dark exciton state associated with a spin-forbidden transition, as well...
Show moreHigher-order correlated excitonic states arise from the mutual interactions of excitons, which generally requires a significant exciton density and therefore high excitation levels. Here, we report the emergence of two biexcitons species, one neutral and one charged, in monolayer tungsten diselenide under moderate continuous-wave excitation. The efficient formation of biexcitons is facilitated by the long lifetime of the dark exciton state associated with a spin-forbidden transition, as well as improved sample quality from encapsulation between hexagonal boron nitride layers. From studies of the polarization and magnetic field dependence of the neutral biexciton, we conclude that this species is composed of a bright and a dark excitons residing in opposite valleys in momentum space. Our observations demonstrate that the distinctive features associated with biexciton states can be accessed at low light intensities and excitation densities.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-13
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000444494800002, 10.1038/s41467-018-05917-8
Format: Citation

Title: Revealing The Biexciton And Trion-exciton Complexes In Bn Encapsulated Wse2.
Creator: Li, Zhipeng, Wang, Tianmeng, Lu, Zhengguang, Jin, Chenhao, Chen, Yanwen, Meng, Yuze, Lian, Zhen, Taniguchi, Takashi, Watanabe, Kenji, Zhang, Shengbai, Smirnov, Dmitry, Shi, Su-Fei
Abstract/Description: Strong Coulomb interactions in single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) result in the emergence of strongly bound excitons, trions, and biexcitons. These excitonic complexes possess the valley degree of freedom, which can be exploited for quantum optoelectronics. However, in contrast to the good understanding of the exciton and trion properties, the binding energy of the biexciton remains elusive, with theoretical calculations and experimental studies reporting discrepant results....
Show moreStrong Coulomb interactions in single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) result in the emergence of strongly bound excitons, trions, and biexcitons. These excitonic complexes possess the valley degree of freedom, which can be exploited for quantum optoelectronics. However, in contrast to the good understanding of the exciton and trion properties, the binding energy of the biexciton remains elusive, with theoretical calculations and experimental studies reporting discrepant results. In this work, we resolve the conflict by employing low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy to identify the biexciton state in BN-encapsulated single-layer WSe2. The biexciton state only exists in charge-neutral WSe2, which is realized through the control of efficient electrostatic gating. In the lightly electron-doped WSe2, one free electron binds to a biexciton and forms the trion-exciton complex. Improved understanding of the biexciton and trion-exciton complexes paves the way for exploiting the many-body physics in TMDs for novel optoelectronics applications.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-13
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000444494800003, 10.1038/s41467-018-05863-5
Format: Citation

Title: Chiral Landau Levels In Weyl Semimetal Nbas With Multiple Topological Carriers.
Creator: Yuan, Xiang, Yan, Zhongbo, Song, Chaoyu, Zhang, Mengyao, Li, Zhilin, Zhang, Cheng, Liu, Yanwen, Wang, Weiyi, Zhao, Minhao, Lin, Zehao, Xie, Tian, Ludwig, Jonathan, Jiang, Yuxuan...
Show moreYuan, Xiang, Yan, Zhongbo, Song, Chaoyu, Zhang, Mengyao, Li, Zhilin, Zhang, Cheng, Liu, Yanwen, Wang, Weiyi, Zhao, Minhao, Lin, Zehao, Xie, Tian, Ludwig, Jonathan, Jiang, Yuxuan, Zhang, Xiaoxing, Shang, Cui, Ye, Zefang, Wang, Jiaxiang, Chen, Feng, Xia, Zhengcai, Smirnov, Dmitry, Chen, Xiaolong, Wang, Zhong, Yan, Hugen, Xiu, Faxian
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Abstract/Description: Recently, Weyl semimetals have been experimentally discovered in both inversion-symmetry-breaking and time-reversal-symmetry-breaking crystals. The non-trivial topology in Weyl semimetals can manifest itself with exotic phenomena, which have been extensively investigated by photoemission and transport measurements. Despite the numerous experimental efforts on Fermi arcs and chiral anomaly, the existence of unconventional zeroth Landau levels, as a unique hallmark of Weyl fermions, which is...
Show moreRecently, Weyl semimetals have been experimentally discovered in both inversion-symmetry-breaking and time-reversal-symmetry-breaking crystals. The non-trivial topology in Weyl semimetals can manifest itself with exotic phenomena, which have been extensively investigated by photoemission and transport measurements. Despite the numerous experimental efforts on Fermi arcs and chiral anomaly, the existence of unconventional zeroth Landau levels, as a unique hallmark of Weyl fermions, which is highly related to chiral anomaly, remains elusive owing to the stringent experimental requirements. Here, we report the magneto-optical study of Landau quantization in Weyl semimetal NbAs. High magnetic fields drive the system toward the quantum limit, which leads to the observation of zeroth chiral Landau levels in two inequivalent Weyl nodes. As compared to other Landau levels, the zeroth chiral Landau level exhibits a distinct linear dispersion in magnetic field direction and allows the optical transitions without the limitation of zero z momentum or root B magnetic field evolution. The magnetic field dependence of the zeroth Landau levels further verifies the predicted particle-hole asymmetry of the Weyl cones. Meanwhile, the optical transitions from the normal Landau levels exhibit the coexistence of multiple carriers including an unexpected massive Dirac fermion, pointing to a more complex topological nature in inversion-symmetry-breaking Weyl semimetals. Our results provide insights into the Landau quantization of Weyl fermions and demonstrate an effective tool for studying complex topological systems.
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Date Issued: 2018-05-10
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000431772000002, 10.1038/s41467-018-04080-4
Format: Citation

Title: Resonant Torsion Magnetometry In Anisotropic Quantum Materials.
Creator: Modic, K. A., Bachmann, Maja D., Ramshaw, B. J., Arnold, F., Shirer, K. R., Estry, Amelia, Betts, J. B., Ghimire, Nirmal J., Bauer, E. D., Schmidt, Marcus, Baenitz, Michael,...
Show moreModic, K. A., Bachmann, Maja D., Ramshaw, B. J., Arnold, F., Shirer, K. R., Estry, Amelia, Betts, J. B., Ghimire, Nirmal J., Bauer, E. D., Schmidt, Marcus, Baenitz, Michael, Svanidze, E., McDonald, Ross D., Shekhter, Arkady, Moll, Philip J. W.
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Abstract/Description: Unusual behavior in quantum materials commonly arises from their effective low-dimensional physics, reflecting the underlying anisotropy in the spin and charge degrees of freedom. Here we introduce the magnetotropic coefficient k = partial derivative F-2/partial derivative theta(2), the second derivative of the free energy F with respect to the magnetic field orientation theta in the crystal. We show that the magnetotropic coefficient can be quantitatively determined from a shift in the...
Show moreUnusual behavior in quantum materials commonly arises from their effective low-dimensional physics, reflecting the underlying anisotropy in the spin and charge degrees of freedom. Here we introduce the magnetotropic coefficient k = partial derivative F-2/partial derivative theta(2), the second derivative of the free energy F with respect to the magnetic field orientation theta in the crystal. We show that the magnetotropic coefficient can be quantitatively determined from a shift in the resonant frequency of a commercially available atomic force microscopy cantilever under magnetic field. This detection method enables part per 100 million sensitivity and the ability to measure magnetic anisotropy in nanogram-scale samples, as demonstrated on the Weyl semimetal NbP. Measurement of the magnetotropic coefficient in the spin-liquid candidate RuCl3 highlights its sensitivity to anisotropic phase transitions and allows a quantitative comparison to other thermodynamic coefficients via the Ehrenfest relations.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-28
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000445886000001, 10.1038/s41467-018-06412-w
Format: Citation

Title: A Conserved Glycine Harboring Disease-associated Mutations Permits Nmda Receptor Slow Deactivation And High Ca2+ Permeability.
Creator: Amin, Johansen B., Leng, Xiaoling, Gochman, Aaron, Zhou, Huan-Xiang, Wollmuth, Lonnie P.
Abstract/Description: A variety of de novo and inherited missense mutations associated with neurological disorders are found in the NMDA receptor M4 transmembrane helices, which are peripheral to the pore domain in eukaryotic ionotropic glutamate receptors. Subsets of these mutations affect receptor gating with dramatic effects, including in one instance halting it, occurring at a conserved glycine near the extracellular end of M4. Functional experiments and molecular dynamic simulations of constructs with and...
Show moreA variety of de novo and inherited missense mutations associated with neurological disorders are found in the NMDA receptor M4 transmembrane helices, which are peripheral to the pore domain in eukaryotic ionotropic glutamate receptors. Subsets of these mutations affect receptor gating with dramatic effects, including in one instance halting it, occurring at a conserved glycine near the extracellular end of M4. Functional experiments and molecular dynamic simulations of constructs with and without substitutions at this glycine indicate that it acts as a hinge, permitting the intracellular portion of the ion channel to laterally expand. This expansion stabilizes long-lived open states leading to slow deactivation and high Ca2+ permeability. Our studies provide a functional and structural framework for the effect of missense mutations on NMDARs at central synapses and highlight how the M4 segment may represent a pathway for intracellular modulation of NMDA receptor function.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-14
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000444554800005, 10.1038/s41467-018-06145-w
Format: Citation

Title: Quantum Limit Transport And Destruction Of The Weyl Nodes In Taas.
Creator: Ramshaw, B. J., Modic, K. A., Shekhter, Arkady, Zhang, Yi, Kim, Eun-Ah, Moll, Philip J. W., Bachmann, Maja D., Chan, M. K., Betts, J. B., Balakirev, F., Migliori, A., Ghimire, N...
Show moreRamshaw, B. J., Modic, K. A., Shekhter, Arkady, Zhang, Yi, Kim, Eun-Ah, Moll, Philip J. W., Bachmann, Maja D., Chan, M. K., Betts, J. B., Balakirev, F., Migliori, A., Ghimire, N. J., Bauer, E. D., Ronning, F., McDonald, R. D.
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Abstract/Description: Weyl fermions are a recently discovered ingredient for correlated states of electronic matter. A key difficulty has been that real materials also contain non-Weyl quasiparticles, and disentangling the experimental signatures has proven challenging. Here we use magnetic fields up to 95 T to drive the Weyl semimetal TaAs far into its quantum limit, where only the purely chiral 0th Landau levels of the Weyl fermions are occupied. We find the electrical resistivity to be nearly independent of...
Show moreWeyl fermions are a recently discovered ingredient for correlated states of electronic matter. A key difficulty has been that real materials also contain non-Weyl quasiparticles, and disentangling the experimental signatures has proven challenging. Here we use magnetic fields up to 95 T to drive the Weyl semimetal TaAs far into its quantum limit, where only the purely chiral 0th Landau levels of the Weyl fermions are occupied. We find the electrical resistivity to be nearly independent of magnetic field up to 50 T: unusual for conventional metals but consistent with the chiral anomaly for Weyl fermions. Above 50 T we observe a two-order-of-magnitude increase in resistivity, indicating that a gap opens in the chiral Landau levels. Above 80 T we observe strong ultrasonic attenuation below 2 K, suggesting a mesoscopically textured state of matter. These results point the way to inducing new correlated states of matter in the quantum limit of Weyl semimetals.
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Date Issued: 2018-06-07
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000434379800014, 10.1038/s41467-018-04542-9
Format: Citation

Title: Molecular Architecture Of Fungal Cell Walls Revealed By Solid-state Nmr.
Creator: Kang, Xue, Kirui, Alex, Muszynski, Artur, Widanage, Malitha C. Dickwella, Chen, Adrian, Azadi, Parastoo, Wang, Ping, Mentink-Vigier, Frederic, Wang, Tuo
Abstract/Description: The high mortality of invasive fungal infections, and the limited number and inefficacy of antifungals necessitate the development of new agents with novel mechanisms and targets. The fungal cell wall is a promising target as it contains polysaccharides absent in humans, however, its molecular structure remains elusive. Here we report the architecture of the cell walls in the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy, assisted by dynamic nuclear polarization and...
Show moreThe high mortality of invasive fungal infections, and the limited number and inefficacy of antifungals necessitate the development of new agents with novel mechanisms and targets. The fungal cell wall is a promising target as it contains polysaccharides absent in humans, however, its molecular structure remains elusive. Here we report the architecture of the cell walls in the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy, assisted by dynamic nuclear polarization and glycosyl linkage analysis, reveals that chitin and alpha-1,3-glucan build a hydrophobic scaffold that is surrounded by a hydrated matrix of diversely linked beta-glucans and capped by a dynamic layer of glycoproteins and alpha-1,3-glucan. The two-domain distribution of alpha-1,3-glucans signifies the dual functions of this molecule: contributing to cell wall rigidity and fungal virulence. This study provides a high-resolution model of fungal cell walls and serves as the basis for assessing drug response to promote the development of wall-targeted antifungals.
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Date Issued: 2018-07-16
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000438683800005, 10.1038/s41467-018-05199-0
Format: Citation

Title: High-veracity Functional Imaging In Scanning Probe Microscopy Via Graph-bootstrapping.
Creator: Li, Xin, Collins, Liam, Miyazawa, Keisuke, Fukuma, Takeshi, Jesse, Stephen, Kalinin, Sergei
Abstract/Description: The key objective of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques is the optimal representation of the nanoscale surface structure and functionality inferred from the dynamics of the cantilever. This is particularly pertinent today, as the SPM community has seen a rapidly growing trend towards simultaneous capture of multiple imaging channels and complex modes of operation involving high-dimensional information-rich datasets, bringing forward the challenges of visualization and analysis,...
Show moreThe key objective of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques is the optimal representation of the nanoscale surface structure and functionality inferred from the dynamics of the cantilever. This is particularly pertinent today, as the SPM community has seen a rapidly growing trend towards simultaneous capture of multiple imaging channels and complex modes of operation involving high-dimensional information-rich datasets, bringing forward the challenges of visualization and analysis, particularly for cases where the underlying dynamic model is poorly understood. To meet this challenge, we present a data-driven approach, Graph-Bootstrapping, based on low-dimensional manifold learning of the full SPM spectra and demonstrate its successes for high-veracity mechanical mapping on a mixed polymer thin film and resolving irregular hydration structure of calcite at atomic resolution. Using the proposed methodology, we can efficiently reveal and hierarchically represent salient material features with rich local details, further enabling denoising, classification, and high-resolution functional imaging.
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Date Issued: 2018-06-21
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000435794500007, 10.1038/s41467-018-04887-1
Format: Citation

Title: Tropical Peatland Carbon Storage Linked To Global Latitudinal Trends In Peat Recalcitrance.
Creator: Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Richardson, Curtis J., Dommain, Rene, Wang, Hongjun, Glaser, Paul H., Verbeke, Brittany, Winkler, B. Rose, Cobb, Alexander R., Rich, Virginia I.,...
Show moreHodgkins, Suzanne B., Richardson, Curtis J., Dommain, Rene, Wang, Hongjun, Glaser, Paul H., Verbeke, Brittany, Winkler, B. Rose, Cobb, Alexander R., Rich, Virginia I., Missilmani, Malak, Flanagan, Neal, Ho, Mengchi, Hoyt, Alison M., Harvey, Charles F., Vining, S. Rose, Hough, Moira A., Moore, Tim R., Richard, Pierre J. H., De la Cruz, Florentino B., Toufaily, Joumana, Hamdan, Rasha, Cooper, William T., Chanton, Jeffrey P.
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Abstract/Description: Peatlands represent large terrestrial carbon banks. Given that most peat accumulates in boreal regions, where low temperatures and water saturation preserve organic matter, the existence of peat in (sub)tropical regions remains enigmatic. Here we examined peat and plant chemistry across a latitudinal transect from the Arctic to the tropics. Near-surface low-latitude peat has lower carbohydrate and greater aromatic content than near-surface high-latitude peat, creating a reduced oxidation...
Show morePeatlands represent large terrestrial carbon banks. Given that most peat accumulates in boreal regions, where low temperatures and water saturation preserve organic matter, the existence of peat in (sub)tropical regions remains enigmatic. Here we examined peat and plant chemistry across a latitudinal transect from the Arctic to the tropics. Near-surface low-latitude peat has lower carbohydrate and greater aromatic content than near-surface high-latitude peat, creating a reduced oxidation state and resulting recalcitrance. This recalcitrance allows peat to persist in the (sub)tropics despite warm temperatures. Because we observed similar declines in carbohydrate content with depth in high-latitude peat, our data explain recent field-scale deep peat warming experiments in which catotelm (deeper) peat remained stable despite temperature increases up to 9 degrees C. We suggest that high-latitude deep peat reservoirs may be stabilized in the face of climate change by their ultimately lower carbohydrate and higher aromatic composition, similar to tropical peats.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-07
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000444014100015, 10.1038/s41467-018-06050-2
Format: Citation

Title: (tco4-)-tc-99 Remediation By A Cationic Polymeric Network.
Creator: Li, Jie, Dai, Xing, Zhu, Lin, Xu, Chao, Zhang, Duo, Silver, Mark A., Li, Peng, Chen, Lanhua, Li, Yongzhong, Zuo, Douwen, Zhang, Hui, Xiao, Chengliang, Chen, Jing, Diwu, Juan,...
Show moreLi, Jie, Dai, Xing, Zhu, Lin, Xu, Chao, Zhang, Duo, Silver, Mark A., Li, Peng, Chen, Lanhua, Li, Yongzhong, Zuo, Douwen, Zhang, Hui, Xiao, Chengliang, Chen, Jing, Diwu, Juan, Farha, Omar K., Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E., Chai, Zhifang, Wang, Shuao
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Abstract/Description: Direct removal of (TcO4-)-Tc-99 from the highly acidic solution of used nuclear fuel is highly beneficial for the recovery of uranium and plutonium and more importantly aids in the elimination of Tc-99 discharge into the environment. However, this task represents a huge challenge given the combined extreme conditions of super acidity, high ionic strength, and strong radiation field. Here we overcome this challenge using a cationic polymeric network with significant TcO4- uptake capabilities...
Show moreDirect removal of (TcO4-)-Tc-99 from the highly acidic solution of used nuclear fuel is highly beneficial for the recovery of uranium and plutonium and more importantly aids in the elimination of Tc-99 discharge into the environment. However, this task represents a huge challenge given the combined extreme conditions of super acidity, high ionic strength, and strong radiation field. Here we overcome this challenge using a cationic polymeric network with significant TcO4- uptake capabilities in four aspects: the fastest sorption kinetics, the highest sorption capacity, the most promising uptake performance from highly acidic solutions, and excellent radiation-resistance and hydrolytic stability among all anion sorbent materials reported. In addition, this material is fully recyclable for multiple sorption/desorption trials, making it extremely attractive for waste partitioning and emergency remediation. The excellent TcO4- uptake capability is elucidated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, solid-state NMR measurement, and density functional theory analysis on anion coordination and bonding.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000440413500007, 10.1038/s41467-018-05380-5
Format: Citation

National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (16)	+ -
Department of Physics (7)	+ -
Department of Biological Science (6)	+ -
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (5)	+ -
Department of Scientific Computing (2)	+ -

Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science (1)	+ -
Department of Geography (1)	+ -
Department of Material Science and Engineering (1)	+ -
Department of Statistics (1)	+ -
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering (1)	+ -
Institute of Molecular Biophysics (1)	+ -

text (35)	+ -
journal article (27)	+ -

Smirnov, Dmitry (4)	+ -
Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E. (3)	+ -
Batista, C. D. (3)	+ -
Chai, Zhifang (3)	+ -
Chen, Lanhua (3)	+ -

Choi, E. S. (3)	+ -
Diwu, Juan (3)	+ -
Graf, D. (3)	+ -
Lu, Zhengguang (3)	+ -
Modic, K. A. (3)	+ -
Moll, Philip J. W. (3)	+ -
Ramshaw, B. J. (3)	+ -
Wang, Shuao (3)	+ -
Bachmann, Maja D. (2)	+ -
Bauer, E. D. (2)	+ -
Baumbach, R. E. (2)	+ -
Betts, J. B. (2)	+ -
Cao, H. B. (2)	+ -
Cao, J. (2)	+ -
Carva, K. (2)	+ -
Chase, T. (2)	+ -
Chen, Z. (2)	+ -
Coffee, R. (2)	+ -
Dai, Xing (2)	+ -
Durr, H. A. (2)	+ -
Fraser, Peter (2)	+ -
Fry, A. (2)	+ -
Fullerton, E. E. (2)	+ -
Ge, L. (2)	+ -
Ghimire, Nirmal J. (2)	+ -

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