Search results

Title: A conserved glycine harboring disease-associated mutations permits NMDA receptor slow deactivation and high Ca permeability.
Creator: Amin, Johansen B, Leng, Xiaoling, Gochman, Aaron, Zhou, Huan-Xiang, Wollmuth, Lonnie P
Abstract/Description: A variety of de novo and inherited missense mutations associated with neurological disorders are found in the NMDA receptor M4 transmembrane helices, which are peripheral to the pore domain in eukaryotic ionotropic glutamate receptors. Subsets of these mutations affect receptor gating with dramatic effects, including in one instance halting it, occurring at a conserved glycine near the extracellular end of M4. Functional experiments and molecular dynamic simulations of constructs with and...
Show moreA variety of de novo and inherited missense mutations associated with neurological disorders are found in the NMDA receptor M4 transmembrane helices, which are peripheral to the pore domain in eukaryotic ionotropic glutamate receptors. Subsets of these mutations affect receptor gating with dramatic effects, including in one instance halting it, occurring at a conserved glycine near the extracellular end of M4. Functional experiments and molecular dynamic simulations of constructs with and without substitutions at this glycine indicate that it acts as a hinge, permitting the intracellular portion of the ion channel to laterally expand. This expansion stabilizes long-lived open states leading to slow deactivation and high Ca permeability. Our studies provide a functional and structural framework for the effect of missense mutations on NMDARs at central synapses and highlight how the M4 segment may represent a pathway for intracellular modulation of NMDA receptor function.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-14
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30217972, 10.1038/s41467-018-06145-w, PMC6138751, 30217972, 30217972, 10.1038/s41467-018-06145-w
Format: Citation

Title: Revealing the biexciton and trion-exciton complexes in BN encapsulated WSe.
Creator: Li, Zhipeng, Wang, Tianmeng, Lu, Zhengguang, Jin, Chenhao, Chen, Yanwen, Meng, Yuze, Lian, Zhen, Taniguchi, Takashi, Watanabe, Kenji, Zhang, Shengbai, Smirnov, Dmitry, Shi, Su-Fei
Abstract/Description: Strong Coulomb interactions in single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) result in the emergence of strongly bound excitons, trions, and biexcitons. These excitonic complexes possess the valley degree of freedom, which can be exploited for quantum optoelectronics. However, in contrast to the good understanding of the exciton and trion properties, the binding energy of the biexciton remains elusive, with theoretical calculations and experimental studies reporting discrepant results....
Show moreStrong Coulomb interactions in single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) result in the emergence of strongly bound excitons, trions, and biexcitons. These excitonic complexes possess the valley degree of freedom, which can be exploited for quantum optoelectronics. However, in contrast to the good understanding of the exciton and trion properties, the binding energy of the biexciton remains elusive, with theoretical calculations and experimental studies reporting discrepant results. In this work, we resolve the conflict by employing low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy to identify the biexciton state in BN-encapsulated single-layer WSe. The biexciton state only exists in charge-neutral WSe, which is realized through the control of efficient electrostatic gating. In the lightly electron-doped WSe, one free electron binds to a biexciton and forms the trion-exciton complex. Improved understanding of the biexciton and trion-exciton complexes paves the way for exploiting the many-body physics in TMDs for novel optoelectronics applications.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30213927, 10.1038/s41467-018-05863-5, PMC6137082, 30213927, 30213927, 10.1038/s41467-018-05863-5
Format: Citation

Title: Efficient generation of neutral and charged biexcitons in encapsulated WSe monolayers.
Creator: Ye, Ziliang, Waldecker, Lutz, Ma, Eric Yue, Rhodes, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Kim, Bumho, Zhang, Xiao-Xiao, Deng, Minda, Jiang, Yuxuan, Lu, Zhengguang, Smirnov, Dmitry,...
Show moreYe, Ziliang, Waldecker, Lutz, Ma, Eric Yue, Rhodes, Daniel, Antony, Abhinandan, Kim, Bumho, Zhang, Xiao-Xiao, Deng, Minda, Jiang, Yuxuan, Lu, Zhengguang, Smirnov, Dmitry, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Hone, James, Heinz, Tony F
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Abstract/Description: Higher-order correlated excitonic states arise from the mutual interactions of excitons, which generally requires a significant exciton density and therefore high excitation levels. Here, we report the emergence of two biexcitons species, one neutral and one charged, in monolayer tungsten diselenide under moderate continuous-wave excitation. The efficient formation of biexcitons is facilitated by the long lifetime of the dark exciton state associated with a spin-forbidden transition, as well...
Show moreHigher-order correlated excitonic states arise from the mutual interactions of excitons, which generally requires a significant exciton density and therefore high excitation levels. Here, we report the emergence of two biexcitons species, one neutral and one charged, in monolayer tungsten diselenide under moderate continuous-wave excitation. The efficient formation of biexcitons is facilitated by the long lifetime of the dark exciton state associated with a spin-forbidden transition, as well as improved sample quality from encapsulation between hexagonal boron nitride layers. From studies of the polarization and magnetic field dependence of the neutral biexciton, we conclude that this species is composed of a bright and a dark excitons residing in opposite valleys in momentum space. Our observations demonstrate that the distinctive features associated with biexciton states can be accessed at low light intensities and excitation densities.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30214026, 10.1038/s41467-018-05917-8, PMC6137141, 30214026, 30214026, 10.1038/s41467-018-05917-8
Format: Citation

Title: Biexcitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides tuned by magnetic fields.
Creator: Stevens, Christopher E, Paul, Jagannath, Cox, Timothy, Sahoo, Prasana K, Gutiérrez, Humberto R, Turkowski, Volodymyr, Semenov, Dimitry, McGill, Steven A, Kapetanakis, Myron D,...
Show moreStevens, Christopher E, Paul, Jagannath, Cox, Timothy, Sahoo, Prasana K, Gutiérrez, Humberto R, Turkowski, Volodymyr, Semenov, Dimitry, McGill, Steven A, Kapetanakis, Myron D, Perakis, Ilias E, Hilton, David J, Karaiskaj, Denis
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Abstract/Description: We present time-integrated four-wave mixing measurements on monolayer MoSe in magnetic fields up to 25 T. The experimental data together with time-dependent density function theory calculations provide interesting insights into the biexciton formation and dynamics. In the presence of magnetic fields the coherence at negative and positive time delays is dominated by intervalley biexcitons. We demonstrate that magnetic fields can serve as a control to enhance the biexciton formation and help...
Show moreWe present time-integrated four-wave mixing measurements on monolayer MoSe in magnetic fields up to 25 T. The experimental data together with time-dependent density function theory calculations provide interesting insights into the biexciton formation and dynamics. In the presence of magnetic fields the coherence at negative and positive time delays is dominated by intervalley biexcitons. We demonstrate that magnetic fields can serve as a control to enhance the biexciton formation and help search for more exotic states of matter, including the creation of multiple exciton complexes and excitonic condensates.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30213976, 10.1038/s41467-018-05643-1, PMC6137096, 30213976, 30213976, 10.1038/s41467-018-05643-1
Format: Citation

Title: Tropical peatland carbon storage linked to global latitudinal trends in peat recalcitrance.
Creator: Hodgkins, Suzanne B, Richardson, Curtis J, Dommain, René, Wang, Hongjun, Glaser, Paul H, Verbeke, Brittany, Winkler, B Rose, Cobb, Alexander R, Rich, Virginia I, Missilmani,...
Show moreHodgkins, Suzanne B, Richardson, Curtis J, Dommain, René, Wang, Hongjun, Glaser, Paul H, Verbeke, Brittany, Winkler, B Rose, Cobb, Alexander R, Rich, Virginia I, Missilmani, Malak, Flanagan, Neal, Ho, Mengchi, Hoyt, Alison M, Harvey, Charles F, Vining, S Rose, Hough, Moira A, Moore, Tim R, Richard, Pierre J H, De La Cruz, Florentino B, Toufaily, Joumana, Hamdan, Rasha, Cooper, William T, Chanton, Jeffrey P
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Abstract/Description: Peatlands represent large terrestrial carbon banks. Given that most peat accumulates in boreal regions, where low temperatures and water saturation preserve organic matter, the existence of peat in (sub)tropical regions remains enigmatic. Here we examined peat and plant chemistry across a latitudinal transect from the Arctic to the tropics. Near-surface low-latitude peat has lower carbohydrate and greater aromatic content than near-surface high-latitude peat, creating a reduced oxidation...
Show morePeatlands represent large terrestrial carbon banks. Given that most peat accumulates in boreal regions, where low temperatures and water saturation preserve organic matter, the existence of peat in (sub)tropical regions remains enigmatic. Here we examined peat and plant chemistry across a latitudinal transect from the Arctic to the tropics. Near-surface low-latitude peat has lower carbohydrate and greater aromatic content than near-surface high-latitude peat, creating a reduced oxidation state and resulting recalcitrance. This recalcitrance allows peat to persist in the (sub)tropics despite warm temperatures. Because we observed similar declines in carbohydrate content with depth in high-latitude peat, our data explain recent field-scale deep peat warming experiments in which catotelm (deeper) peat remained stable despite temperature increases up to 9 °C. We suggest that high-latitude deep peat reservoirs may be stabilized in the face of climate change by their ultimately lower carbohydrate and higher aromatic composition, similar to tropical peats.
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Date Issued: 2018-09-07
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30194308, 10.1038/s41467-018-06050-2, PMC6128871, 30194308, 30194308, 10.1038/s41467-018-06050-2
Format: Citation

Title: Phylogenomics uncovers early hybridization and adaptive loci shaping the radiation of Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes.
Creator: Irisarri, Iker, Singh, Pooja, Koblmüller, Stephan, Torres-Dowdall, Julián, Henning, Frederico, Franchini, Paolo, Fischer, Christoph, Lemmon, Alan R, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty,...
Show moreIrisarri, Iker, Singh, Pooja, Koblmüller, Stephan, Torres-Dowdall, Julián, Henning, Frederico, Franchini, Paolo, Fischer, Christoph, Lemmon, Alan R, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Thallinger, Gerhard G, Sturmbauer, Christian, Meyer, Axel
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Abstract/Description: Lake Tanganyika is the oldest and phenotypically most diverse of the three East African cichlid fish adaptive radiations. It is also the cradle for the younger parallel haplochromine cichlid radiations in Lakes Malawi and Victoria. Despite its evolutionary significance, the relationships among the main Lake Tanganyika lineages remained unresolved, as did the general timescale of cichlid evolution. Here, we disentangle the deep phylogenetic structure of the Lake Tanganyika radiation using...
Show moreLake Tanganyika is the oldest and phenotypically most diverse of the three East African cichlid fish adaptive radiations. It is also the cradle for the younger parallel haplochromine cichlid radiations in Lakes Malawi and Victoria. Despite its evolutionary significance, the relationships among the main Lake Tanganyika lineages remained unresolved, as did the general timescale of cichlid evolution. Here, we disentangle the deep phylogenetic structure of the Lake Tanganyika radiation using anchored phylogenomics and uncover hybridization at its base, as well as early in the haplochromine radiation. This suggests that hybridization might have facilitated these speciation bursts. Time-calibrated trees support that the radiation of Tanganyika cichlids coincided with lake formation and that Gondwanan vicariance concurred with the earliest splits in the cichlid family tree. Genes linked to key innovations show signals of introgression or positive selection following colonization of lake habitats and species' dietary adaptations are revealed as major drivers of colour vision evolution. These findings shed light onto the processes shaping the evolution of adaptive radiations.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-08
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30089797, 10.1038/s41467-018-05479-9, PMC6082878, 30089797, 30089797, 10.1038/s41467-018-05479-9
Format: Citation

Title: Author Correction: The nature of spin excitations in the one-third magnetization plateau phase of BaCoSbO..
Creator: Kamiya, Y, Ge, L, Hong, Tao, Qiu, Y, Quintero-Castro, D L, Lu, Z, Cao, H B, Matsuda, M, Choi, E S, Batista, C D, Mourigal, M, Zhou, H D, Ma, J
Abstract/Description: The original version of this Article omitted the following from the Acknowledgements: 'J. Ma's primary affiliation is Shanghai Jiao Tong University.' This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Date Issued: 2018-08-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30068947, 10.1038/s41467-018-05679-3, PMC6070534, 30068947, 30068947, 10.1038/s41467-018-05679-3
Format: Citation

Title: TcO remediation by a cationic polymeric network.
Creator: Li, Jie, Dai, Xing, Zhu, Lin, Xu, Chao, Zhang, Duo, Silver, Mark A, Li, Peng, Chen, Lanhua, Li, Yongzhong, Zuo, Douwen, Zhang, Hui, Xiao, Chengliang, Chen, Jing, Diwu, Juan,...
Show moreLi, Jie, Dai, Xing, Zhu, Lin, Xu, Chao, Zhang, Duo, Silver, Mark A, Li, Peng, Chen, Lanhua, Li, Yongzhong, Zuo, Douwen, Zhang, Hui, Xiao, Chengliang, Chen, Jing, Diwu, Juan, Farha, Omar K, Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E, Chai, Zhifang, Wang, Shuao
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Abstract/Description: Direct removal of TcO from the highly acidic solution of used nuclear fuel is highly beneficial for the recovery of uranium and plutonium and more importantly aids in the elimination of Tc discharge into the environment. However, this task represents a huge challenge given the combined extreme conditions of super acidity, high ionic strength, and strong radiation field. Here we overcome this challenge using a cationic polymeric network with significant TcO uptake capabilities in four aspects:...
Show moreDirect removal of TcO from the highly acidic solution of used nuclear fuel is highly beneficial for the recovery of uranium and plutonium and more importantly aids in the elimination of Tc discharge into the environment. However, this task represents a huge challenge given the combined extreme conditions of super acidity, high ionic strength, and strong radiation field. Here we overcome this challenge using a cationic polymeric network with significant TcO uptake capabilities in four aspects: the fastest sorption kinetics, the highest sorption capacity, the most promising uptake performance from highly acidic solutions, and excellent radiation-resistance and hydrolytic stability among all anion sorbent materials reported. In addition, this material is fully recyclable for multiple sorption/desorption trials, making it extremely attractive for waste partitioning and emergency remediation. The excellent TcO uptake capability is elucidated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, solid-state NMR measurement, and density functional theory analysis on anion coordination and bonding.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30068903, 10.1038/s41467-018-05380-5, PMC6070552, 30068903, 30068903, 10.1038/s41467-018-05380-5
Format: Citation

Title: The nature of spin excitations in the one-third magnetization plateau phase of BaCoSbO.
Creator: Kamiya, Y, Ge, L, Hong, Tao, Qiu, Y, Quintero-Castro, D L, Lu, Z, Cao, H B, Matsuda, M, Choi, E S, Batista, C D, Mourigal, M, Zhou, H D, Ma, J
Abstract/Description: Magnetization plateaus in quantum magnets-where bosonic quasiparticles crystallize into emergent spin superlattices-are spectacular yet simple examples of collective quantum phenomena escaping classical description. While magnetization plateaus have been observed in a number of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets, the description of their magnetic excitations remains an open theoretical and experimental challenge. Here, we investigate the dynamical properties of the triangular-lattice spin-1/2...
Show moreMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets-where bosonic quasiparticles crystallize into emergent spin superlattices-are spectacular yet simple examples of collective quantum phenomena escaping classical description. While magnetization plateaus have been observed in a number of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets, the description of their magnetic excitations remains an open theoretical and experimental challenge. Here, we investigate the dynamical properties of the triangular-lattice spin-1/2 antiferromagnet BaCoSbO in its one-third magnetization plateau phase using a combination of nonlinear spin-wave theory and neutron scattering measurements. The agreement between our theoretical treatment and the experimental data demonstrates that magnons behave semiclassically in the plateau in spite of the purely quantum origin of the underlying magnetic structure. This allows for a quantitative determination of BaCoSbO exchange parameters. We discuss the implication of our results to the deviations from semiclassical behavior observed in zero-field spin dynamics of the same material and conclude they must have an intrinsic origin.
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Date Issued: 2018-07-10
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29991805, 10.1038/s41467-018-04914-1, PMC6039502, 29991805, 29991805, 10.1038/s41467-018-04914-1
Format: Citation

Title: High-veracity functional imaging in scanning probe microscopy via Graph-Bootstrapping.
Creator: Li, Xin, Collins, Liam, Miyazawa, Keisuke, Fukuma, Takeshi, Jesse, Stephen, Kalinin, Sergei V
Abstract/Description: The key objective of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques is the optimal representation of the nanoscale surface structure and functionality inferred from the dynamics of the cantilever. This is particularly pertinent today, as the SPM community has seen a rapidly growing trend towards simultaneous capture of multiple imaging channels and complex modes of operation involving high-dimensional information-rich datasets, bringing forward the challenges of visualization and analysis,...
Show moreThe key objective of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques is the optimal representation of the nanoscale surface structure and functionality inferred from the dynamics of the cantilever. This is particularly pertinent today, as the SPM community has seen a rapidly growing trend towards simultaneous capture of multiple imaging channels and complex modes of operation involving high-dimensional information-rich datasets, bringing forward the challenges of visualization and analysis, particularly for cases where the underlying dynamic model is poorly understood. To meet this challenge, we present a data-driven approach, Graph-Bootstrapping, based on low-dimensional manifold learning of the full SPM spectra and demonstrate its successes for high-veracity mechanical mapping on a mixed polymer thin film and resolving irregular hydration structure of calcite at atomic resolution. Using the proposed methodology, we can efficiently reveal and hierarchically represent salient material features with rich local details, further enabling denoising, classification, and high-resolution functional imaging.
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Date Issued: 2018-06-21
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29930246, 10.1038/s41467-018-04887-1, PMC6013493, 29930246, 29930246, 10.1038/s41467-018-04887-1
Format: Citation

Title: How high energy fluxes may affect Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth in young supernova remnants.
Creator: Kuranz, C C, Park, H-S, Huntington, C M, Miles, A R, Remington, B A, Plewa, T, Trantham, M R, Robey, H F, Shvarts, D, Shimony, A, Raman, K, MacLaren, S, Wan, W C, Doss, F W,...
Show moreKuranz, C C, Park, H-S, Huntington, C M, Miles, A R, Remington, B A, Plewa, T, Trantham, M R, Robey, H F, Shvarts, D, Shimony, A, Raman, K, MacLaren, S, Wan, W C, Doss, F W, Kline, J, Flippo, K A, Malamud, G, Handy, T A, Prisbrey, S, Krauland, C M, Klein, S R, Harding, E C, Wallace, R, Grosskopf, M J, Marion, D C, Kalantar, D, Giraldez, E, Drake, R P
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Abstract/Description: Energy-transport effects can alter the structure that develops as a supernova evolves into a supernova remnant. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is thought to produce structure at the interface between the stellar ejecta and the circumstellar matter, based on simple models and hydrodynamic simulations. Here we report experimental results from the National Ignition Facility to explore how large energy fluxes, which are present in supernovae, affect this structure. We observed a reduction in...
Show moreEnergy-transport effects can alter the structure that develops as a supernova evolves into a supernova remnant. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is thought to produce structure at the interface between the stellar ejecta and the circumstellar matter, based on simple models and hydrodynamic simulations. Here we report experimental results from the National Ignition Facility to explore how large energy fluxes, which are present in supernovae, affect this structure. We observed a reduction in Rayleigh-Taylor growth. In analyzing the comparison with supernova SN1993J, a Type II supernova, we found that the energy fluxes produced by heat conduction appear to be larger than the radiative energy fluxes, and large enough to have dramatic consequences. No reported astrophysical simulations have included radiation and heat conduction self-consistently in modeling supernova remnants and these dynamics should be noted in the understanding of young supernova remnants.
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Date Issued: 2018-04-19
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29674695, 10.1038/s41467-018-03548-7, PMC5908785, 29674695, 29674695, 10.1038/s41467-018-03548-7
Format: Citation

Title: Publisher Correction: Beyond a phenomenological description of magnetostriction..
Creator: Reid, A H, Shen, X, Maldonado, P, Chase, T, Jal, E, Granitzka, P W, Carva, K, Li, R K, Li, J, Wu, L, Vecchione, T, Liu, T, Chen, Z, Higley, D J, Hartmann, N, Coffee, R, Wu, J,...
Show moreReid, A H, Shen, X, Maldonado, P, Chase, T, Jal, E, Granitzka, P W, Carva, K, Li, R K, Li, J, Wu, L, Vecchione, T, Liu, T, Chen, Z, Higley, D J, Hartmann, N, Coffee, R, Wu, J, Dakowski, G L, Schlotter, W F, Ohldag, H, Takahashi, Y K, Mehta, V, Hellwig, O, Fry, A, Zhu, Y, Cao, J, Fullerton, E E, Stöhr, J, Oppeneer, P M, Wang, X J, Dürr, H A
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Abstract/Description: "The technical support from SLAC Accelerator Directorate, Technology Innovation Directorate, LCLS laser division and Test Facility Division is gratefully acknowledged. We thank S.P. Weathersby, R.K. Jobe, D. McCormick, A. Mitra, S. Carron and J. Corbett for their invaluable help and technical assistance. Research at SLAC was supported through the SIMES Institute which like the LCLS and SSRL user facilities is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under...
Show more"The technical support from SLAC Accelerator Directorate, Technology Innovation Directorate, LCLS laser division and Test Facility Division is gratefully acknowledged. We thank S.P. Weathersby, R.K. Jobe, D. McCormick, A. Mitra, S. Carron and J. Corbett for their invaluable help and technical assistance. Research at SLAC was supported through the SIMES Institute which like the LCLS and SSRL user facilities is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. The UED work was performed at SLAC MeV-UED, which is supported in part by the DOE BES SUF Division Accelerator & Detector R&D program, the LCLS Facility, and SLAC under contract Nos. DE-AC02-05-CH11231 and DE-AC02-76SF00515. Use of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515."and"Work at BNL was supported by DOE BES Materials Science and Engineering Division under Contract No: DE-AC02-98CH10886. J.C. would like to acknowledge the support from National Science Foundation Grant No. 1207252. E.E.F. would like to acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under Award No. DE-SC0003678."This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
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Date Issued: 2018-03-07
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29515124, 10.1038/s41467-018-03389-4, PMC5841346, 29515124, 29515124, 10.1038/s41467-018-03389-4
Format: Citation

Title: Marine spatial planning makes room for offshore aquaculture in crowded coastal waters.
Creator: Lester, S E, Stevens, J M, Gentry, R R, Kappel, C V, Bell, T W, Costello, C J, Gaines, S D, Kiefer, D A, Maue, C C, Rensel, J E, Simons, R D, Washburn, L, White, C
Abstract/Description: Marine spatial planning (MSP) seeks to reduce conflicts and environmental impacts, and promote sustainable use of marine ecosystems. Existing MSP approaches have successfully determined how to achieve target levels of ocean area for particular uses while minimizing costs and impacts, but they do not provide a framework that derives analytical solutions in order to co-ordinate siting of multiple uses while balancing the effects of planning on each sector in the system. We develop such a...
Show moreMarine spatial planning (MSP) seeks to reduce conflicts and environmental impacts, and promote sustainable use of marine ecosystems. Existing MSP approaches have successfully determined how to achieve target levels of ocean area for particular uses while minimizing costs and impacts, but they do not provide a framework that derives analytical solutions in order to co-ordinate siting of multiple uses while balancing the effects of planning on each sector in the system. We develop such a framework for guiding offshore aquaculture (bivalve, finfish, and kelp farming) development in relation to existing sectors and environmental concerns (wild-capture fisheries, viewshed quality, benthic pollution, and disease spread) in California, USA. We identify > 250,000 MSP solutions that generate significant seafood supply and billions of dollars in revenue with minimal impacts (often < 1%) on existing sectors and the environment. We filter solutions to identify candidate locations for high-value, low-impact aquaculture development. Finally, we confirm the expectation of substantial value of our framework over conventional planning focused on maximizing individual objectives.
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Date Issued: 2018-03-05
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29507321, 10.1038/s41467-018-03249-1, PMC5838171, 29507321, 29507321, 10.1038/s41467-018-03249-1
Format: Citation

Title: Advancing behavioural genomics by considering timescale.
Creator: Rittschof, Clare C, Hughes, Kimberly A
Abstract/Description: Animal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain...
Show moreAnimal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain genomic regulatory mechanisms may predict the timescale of an environmental effect on behaviour. This temporally minded approach could inform both organismal and evolutionary questions ranging from the remediation of early life social trauma to understanding the evolution of trait plasticity.
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Date Issued: 2018-02-12
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29434301, 10.1038/s41467-018-02971-0, PMC5809431, 29434301, 29434301, 10.1038/s41467-018-02971-0
Format: Citation

Title: Single-cell replication profiling to measure stochastic variation in mammalian replication timing.
Creator: Dileep, Vishnu, Gilbert, David M
Abstract/Description: Mammalian DNA replication is regulated via multi-replicon segments that replicate in a defined temporal order during S-phase. Further, early/late replication of RDs corresponds to active/inactive chromatin interaction compartments. Although replication origins are selected stochastically, variation in replication timing is poorly understood. Here we devise a strategy to measure variation in replication timing using DNA copy number in single mouse embryonic stem cells. We find that borders...
Show moreMammalian DNA replication is regulated via multi-replicon segments that replicate in a defined temporal order during S-phase. Further, early/late replication of RDs corresponds to active/inactive chromatin interaction compartments. Although replication origins are selected stochastically, variation in replication timing is poorly understood. Here we devise a strategy to measure variation in replication timing using DNA copy number in single mouse embryonic stem cells. We find that borders between replicated and unreplicated DNA are highly conserved between cells, demarcating active and inactive compartments of the nucleus. Fifty percent of replication events deviated from their average replication time by ± 15% of S phase. This degree of variation is similar between cells, between homologs within cells and between all domains genomewide, regardless of their replication timing. These results demonstrate that stochastic variation in replication timing is independent of elements that dictate timing or extrinsic environmental variation.
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Date Issued: 2018-01-30
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29382831, 10.1038/s41467-017-02800-w, PMC5789892, 29382831, 29382831, 10.1038/s41467-017-02800-w
Format: Citation

Title: Beyond a phenomenological description of magnetostriction.
Creator: Reid, A H, Shen, X, Maldonado, P, Chase, T, Jal, E, Granitzka, P W, Carva, K, Li, R K, Li, J, Wu, L, Vecchione, T, Liu, T, Chen, Z, Higley, D J, Hartmann, N, Coffee, R, Wu, J,...
Show moreReid, A H, Shen, X, Maldonado, P, Chase, T, Jal, E, Granitzka, P W, Carva, K, Li, R K, Li, J, Wu, L, Vecchione, T, Liu, T, Chen, Z, Higley, D J, Hartmann, N, Coffee, R, Wu, J, Dakovski, G L, Schlotter, W F, Ohldag, H, Takahashi, Y K, Mehta, V, Hellwig, O, Fry, A, Zhu, Y, Cao, J, Fullerton, E E, Stöhr, J, Oppeneer, P M, Wang, X J, Dürr, H A
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Abstract/Description: Magnetostriction, the strain induced by a change in magnetization, is a universal effect in magnetic materials. Owing to the difficulty in unraveling its microscopic origin, it has been largely treated phenomenologically. Here, we show how the source of magnetostriction-the underlying magnetoelastic stress-can be separated in the time domain, opening the door for an atomistic understanding. X-ray and electron diffraction are used to separate the sub-picosecond spin and lattice responses of...
Show moreMagnetostriction, the strain induced by a change in magnetization, is a universal effect in magnetic materials. Owing to the difficulty in unraveling its microscopic origin, it has been largely treated phenomenologically. Here, we show how the source of magnetostriction-the underlying magnetoelastic stress-can be separated in the time domain, opening the door for an atomistic understanding. X-ray and electron diffraction are used to separate the sub-picosecond spin and lattice responses of FePt nanoparticles. Following excitation with a 50-fs laser pulse, time-resolved X-ray diffraction demonstrates that magnetic order is lost within the nanoparticles with a time constant of 146 fs. Ultrafast electron diffraction reveals that this demagnetization is followed by an anisotropic, three-dimensional lattice motion. Analysis of the size, speed, and symmetry of the lattice motion, together with ab initio calculations accounting for the stresses due to electrons and phonons, allow us to reveal the magnetoelastic stress generated by demagnetization.
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Date Issued: 2018-01-26
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29374151, 10.1038/s41467-017-02730-7, PMC5786062, 29374151, 29374151, 10.1038/s41467-017-02730-7
Format: Citation

Title: Pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors confined by Fermi surface topology.
Creator: Doiron-Leyraud, N, Cyr-Choinière, O, Badoux, S, Ataei, A, Collignon, C, Gourgout, A, Dufour-Beauséjour, S, Tafti, F F, Laliberté, F, Boulanger, M-E, Matusiak, M, Graf, D, Kim, M...
Show moreDoiron-Leyraud, N, Cyr-Choinière, O, Badoux, S, Ataei, A, Collignon, C, Gourgout, A, Dufour-Beauséjour, S, Tafti, F F, Laliberté, F, Boulanger, M-E, Matusiak, M, Graf, D, Kim, M, Zhou, J-S, Momono, N, Kurosawa, T, Takagi, H, Taillefer, Louis
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Abstract/Description: The properties of cuprate high-temperature superconductors are largely shaped by competing phases whose nature is often a mystery. Chiefly among them is the pseudogap phase, which sets in at a doping p* that is material-dependent. What determines p* is currently an open question. Here we show that the pseudogap cannot open on an electron-like Fermi surface, and can only exist below the doping p at which the large Fermi surface goes from hole-like to electron-like, so that p* ≤ p . We derive...
Show moreThe properties of cuprate high-temperature superconductors are largely shaped by competing phases whose nature is often a mystery. Chiefly among them is the pseudogap phase, which sets in at a doping p* that is material-dependent. What determines p* is currently an open question. Here we show that the pseudogap cannot open on an electron-like Fermi surface, and can only exist below the doping p at which the large Fermi surface goes from hole-like to electron-like, so that p* ≤ p . We derive this result from high-magnetic-field transport measurements in La NdSr CuO under pressure, which reveal a large and unexpected shift of p* with pressure, driven by a corresponding shift in p . This necessary condition for pseudogap formation, imposed by details of the Fermi surface, is a strong constraint for theories of the pseudogap phase. Our finding that p* can be tuned with a modest pressure opens a new route for experimental studies of the pseudogap.
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Date Issued: 2017-12-11
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29229909, 10.1038/s41467-017-02122-x, PMC5725553, 29229909, 29229909, 10.1038/s41467-017-02122-x
Format: Citation

Title: Erratum: Organocatalyzed synthesis of fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers)..
Creator: Park, Nathaniel H, Gomes, Gabriel Dos Passos, Fevre, Mareva, Jones, Gavin O, Alabugin, Igor V, Hedrick, James L
Abstract/Description: A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this article.
Date Issued: 2017-11-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29133869, 10.1038/s41467-017-01129-8, PMC5684191, 29133869, 29133869, 10.1038/s41467-017-01129-8
Format: Citation

Title: A mesoporous cationic thorium-organic framework that rapidly traps anionic persistent organic pollutants.
Creator: Li, Yuxiang, Yang, Zaixing, Wang, Yanlong, Bai, Zhuanling, Zheng, Tao, Dai, Xing, Liu, Shengtang, Gui, Daxiang, Liu, Wei, Chen, Meng, Chen, Lanhua, Diwu, Juan, Zhu, Lingyan,...
Show moreLi, Yuxiang, Yang, Zaixing, Wang, Yanlong, Bai, Zhuanling, Zheng, Tao, Dai, Xing, Liu, Shengtang, Gui, Daxiang, Liu, Wei, Chen, Meng, Chen, Lanhua, Diwu, Juan, Zhu, Lingyan, Zhou, Ruhong, Chai, Zhifang, Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E, Wang, Shuao
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Abstract/Description: Many environmental pollutants inherently exist in their anionic forms and are therefore highly mobile in natural water systems. Cationic framework materials that can capture those pollutants are highly desirable but scarcely reported. Here we present a mesoporous cationic thorium-based MOF (SCU-8) containing channels with a large inner diameter of 2.2 nm and possessing a high surface area of 1360 m g. The anion-exchange properties of SCU-8 were explored with many anions including small oxo...
Show moreMany environmental pollutants inherently exist in their anionic forms and are therefore highly mobile in natural water systems. Cationic framework materials that can capture those pollutants are highly desirable but scarcely reported. Here we present a mesoporous cationic thorium-based MOF (SCU-8) containing channels with a large inner diameter of 2.2 nm and possessing a high surface area of 1360 m g. The anion-exchange properties of SCU-8 were explored with many anions including small oxo anions like ReO and CrO as well as anionic organic dyes like methyl blue and the persistent organic pollutant, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Both fast uptake kinetics and great sorption selectivity toward PFOS are observed. The underlying sorption mechanism was probed using quantum mechanical and molecular dynamics simulations. These computational results reveal that PFOS anions are immobilized in SCU-8 by driving forces including electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and van der Waals interactions at different adsorption stages.
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Date Issued: 2017-11-07
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29116079, 10.1038/s41467-017-01208-w, PMC5677036, 29116079, 29116079, 10.1038/s41467-017-01208-w
Format: Citation

Title: Transformation of doped graphite into cluster-encapsulated fullerene cages.
Creator: Mulet-Gas, Marc, Abella, Laura, Cerón, Maira R, Castro, Edison, Marshall, Alan G, Rodríguez-Fortea, Antonio, Echegoyen, Luis, Poblet, Josep M, Dunk, Paul W
Abstract/Description: An ultimate goal in carbon nanoscience is to decipher formation mechanisms of highly ordered systems. Here, we disclose chemical processes that result in formation of high-symmetry clusterfullerenes, which attract interest for use in applications that span biomedicine to molecular electronics. The conversion of doped graphite into a C cage is shown to occur through bottom-up self-assembly reactions. Unlike conventional forms of fullerene, the iconic Buckminsterfullerene cage, I -C, is...
Show moreAn ultimate goal in carbon nanoscience is to decipher formation mechanisms of highly ordered systems. Here, we disclose chemical processes that result in formation of high-symmetry clusterfullerenes, which attract interest for use in applications that span biomedicine to molecular electronics. The conversion of doped graphite into a C cage is shown to occur through bottom-up self-assembly reactions. Unlike conventional forms of fullerene, the iconic Buckminsterfullerene cage, I -C, is entirely avoided in the bottom-up formation mechanism to afford synthesis of group 3-based metallic nitride clusterfullerenes. The effects of structural motifs and cluster-cage interactions on formation of compounds in the solvent-extractable C-C region are determined by in situ studies of defined clusterfullerenes under typical synthetic conditions. This work establishes the molecular origin and mechanism that underlie formation of unique carbon cage materials, which may be used as a benchmark to guide future nanocarbon explorations.
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Date Issued: 2017-10-31
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29089497, 10.1038/s41467-017-01295-9, PMC5663703, 29089497, 29089497, 10.1038/s41467-017-01295-9
Format: Citation

Title: Organic coating on biochar explains its nutrient retention and stimulation of soil fertility.
Creator: Hagemann, Nikolas, Joseph, Stephen, Schmidt, Hans-Peter, Kammann, Claudia I, Harter, Johannes, Borch, Thomas, Young, Robert B, Varga, Krisztina, Taherymoosavi, Sarasadat,...
Show moreHagemann, Nikolas, Joseph, Stephen, Schmidt, Hans-Peter, Kammann, Claudia I, Harter, Johannes, Borch, Thomas, Young, Robert B, Varga, Krisztina, Taherymoosavi, Sarasadat, Elliott, K Wade, McKenna, Amy, Albu, Mihaela, Mayrhofer, Claudia, Obst, Martin, Conte, Pellegrino, Dieguez-Alonso, Alba, Orsetti, Silvia, Subdiaga, Edisson, Behrens, Sebastian, Kappler, Andreas
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Abstract/Description: Amending soil with biochar (pyrolized biomass) is suggested as a globally applicable approach to address climate change and soil degradation by carbon sequestration, reducing soil-borne greenhouse-gas emissions and increasing soil nutrient retention. Biochar was shown to promote plant growth, especially when combined with nutrient-rich organic matter, e.g., co-composted biochar. Plant growth promotion was explained by slow release of nutrients, although a mechanistic understanding of nutrient...
Show moreAmending soil with biochar (pyrolized biomass) is suggested as a globally applicable approach to address climate change and soil degradation by carbon sequestration, reducing soil-borne greenhouse-gas emissions and increasing soil nutrient retention. Biochar was shown to promote plant growth, especially when combined with nutrient-rich organic matter, e.g., co-composted biochar. Plant growth promotion was explained by slow release of nutrients, although a mechanistic understanding of nutrient storage in biochar is missing. Here we identify a complex, nutrient-rich organic coating on co-composted biochar that covers the outer and inner (pore) surfaces of biochar particles using high-resolution spectro(micro)scopy and mass spectrometry. Fast field cycling nuclear magnetic resonance, electrochemical analysis and gas adsorption demonstrated that this coating adds hydrophilicity, redox-active moieties, and additional mesoporosity, which strengthens biochar-water interactions and thus enhances nutrient retention. This implies that the functioning of biochar in soil is determined by the formation of an organic coating, rather than biochar surface oxidation, as previously suggested.
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Date Issued: 2017-10-20
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29057875, 10.1038/s41467-017-01123-0, PMC5715018, 29057875, 29057875, 10.1038/s41467-017-01123-0
Format: Citation

Title: Organocatalyzed synthesis of fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers).
Creator: Park, Nathaniel H, Gomes, Gabriel Dos Passos, Fevre, Mareva, Jones, Gavin O, Alabugin, Igor V, Hedrick, James L
Abstract/Description: The preparation of high-performance fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers) has received little attention compared to the corresponding poly(aryl ethers), despite the excellent physical properties displayed by many polysulfides. Herein, we report a highly efficient route to fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers) via an organocatalyzed nucleophilic aromatic substitution of silyl-protected dithiols. This approach requires low catalyst loadings, proceeds rapidly at room temperature, and is effective for...
Show moreThe preparation of high-performance fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers) has received little attention compared to the corresponding poly(aryl ethers), despite the excellent physical properties displayed by many polysulfides. Herein, we report a highly efficient route to fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers) via an organocatalyzed nucleophilic aromatic substitution of silyl-protected dithiols. This approach requires low catalyst loadings, proceeds rapidly at room temperature, and is effective for many different perfluorinated or highly activated aryl monomers. Computational investigations of the reaction mechanism reveal an unexpected, concerted SAr mechanism, with the organocatalyst playing a critical, dual-activation role in facilitating the process. Not only does this remarkable reactivity enable rapid access to fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers), but also opens new avenues for the processing, fabrication, and functionalization of fluorinated materials with easy removal of the volatile catalyst and TMSF byproducts.Fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers), unlike their poly(aryl ethers) counterparts, have received little attention despite excellent physical properties displayed by many polysulfides. Here the authors show a highly efficient route to fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers) via an organocatalyzed nucleophilic aromatic substitution of silyl-protected dithiols.
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Date Issued: 2017-08-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28761127, 10.1038/s41467-017-00186-3, PMC5537313, 28761127, 28761127, 10.1038/s41467-017-00186-3
Format: Citation

Title: Robust spin correlations at high magnetic fields in the harmonic honeycomb iridates.
Creator: Modic, K A, Ramshaw, B J, Betts, J B, Breznay, Nicholas P, Analytis, James G, McDonald, Ross D, Shekhter, Arkady
Abstract/Description: The complex antiferromagnetic orders observed in the honeycomb iridates are a double-edged sword in the search for a quantum spin-liquid: both attesting that the magnetic interactions provide many of the necessary ingredients, while simultaneously impeding access. Focus has naturally been drawn to the unusual magnetic orders that hint at the underlying spin correlations. However, the study of any particular broken symmetry state generally provides little clue about the possibility of other...
Show moreThe complex antiferromagnetic orders observed in the honeycomb iridates are a double-edged sword in the search for a quantum spin-liquid: both attesting that the magnetic interactions provide many of the necessary ingredients, while simultaneously impeding access. Focus has naturally been drawn to the unusual magnetic orders that hint at the underlying spin correlations. However, the study of any particular broken symmetry state generally provides little clue about the possibility of other nearby ground states. Here we use magnetic fields approaching 100 Tesla to reveal the extent of the spin correlations in γ-lithium iridate. We find that a small component of field along the magnetic easy-axis melts long-range order, revealing a bistable, strongly correlated spin state. Far from the usual destruction of antiferromagnetism via spin polarization, the high-field state possesses only a small fraction of the total iridium moment, without evidence for long-range order up to the highest attainable magnetic fields.The complex antiferromagnetic orders observed in the honeycomb iridates prevent access to a spin-liquid ground state. Here the authors apply extremely high magnetic fields to destroy the antiferromagnetic order in γ-lithium iridate and reveal a bistable, strongly correlated spin state.
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Date Issued: 2017-08-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28765523, 10.1038/s41467-017-00264-6, PMC5539315, 28765523, 28765523, 10.1038/s41467-017-00264-6
Format: Citation

Title: Platelet function is modified by common sequence variation in megakaryocyte super enhancers.
Creator: Petersen, Romina, Lambourne, John J, Javierre, Biola M, Grassi, Luigi, Kreuzhuber, Roman, Ruklisa, Dace, Rosa, Isabel M, Tomé, Ana R, Elding, Heather, van Geffen, Johanna P,...
Show morePetersen, Romina, Lambourne, John J, Javierre, Biola M, Grassi, Luigi, Kreuzhuber, Roman, Ruklisa, Dace, Rosa, Isabel M, Tomé, Ana R, Elding, Heather, van Geffen, Johanna P, Jiang, Tao, Farrow, Samantha, Cairns, Jonathan, Al-Subaie, Abeer M, Ashford, Sofie, Attwood, Antony, Batista, Joana, Bouman, Heleen, Burden, Frances, Choudry, Fizzah A, Clarke, Laura, Flicek, Paul, Garner, Stephen F, Haimel, Matthias, Kempster, Carly, Ladopoulos, Vasileios, Lenaerts, An-Sofie, Materek, Paulina M, McKinney, Harriet, Meacham, Stuart, Mead, Daniel, Nagy, Magdolna, Penkett, Christopher J, Rendon, Augusto, Seyres, Denis, Sun, Benjamin, Tuna, Salih, van der Weide, Marie-Elise, Wingett, Steven W, Martens, Joost H, Stegle, Oliver, Richardson, Sylvia, Vallier, Ludovic, Roberts, David J, Freson, Kathleen, Wernisch, Lorenz, Stunnenberg, Hendrik G, Danesh, John, Fraser, Peter, Soranzo, Nicole, Butterworth, Adam S, Heemskerk, Johan W, Turro, Ernest, Spivakov, Mikhail, Ouwehand, Willem H, Astle, William J, Downes, Kate, Kostadima, Myrto, Frontini, Mattia
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Abstract/Description: Linking non-coding genetic variants associated with the risk of diseases or disease-relevant traits to target genes is a crucial step to realize GWAS potential in the introduction of precision medicine. Here we set out to determine the mechanisms underpinning variant association with platelet quantitative traits using cell type-matched epigenomic data and promoter long-range interactions. We identify potential regulatory functions for 423 of 565 (75%) non-coding variants associated with...
Show moreLinking non-coding genetic variants associated with the risk of diseases or disease-relevant traits to target genes is a crucial step to realize GWAS potential in the introduction of precision medicine. Here we set out to determine the mechanisms underpinning variant association with platelet quantitative traits using cell type-matched epigenomic data and promoter long-range interactions. We identify potential regulatory functions for 423 of 565 (75%) non-coding variants associated with platelet traits and we demonstrate, through ex vivo and proof of principle genome editing validation, that variants in super enhancers play an important role in controlling archetypical platelet functions.
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Date Issued: 2017-07-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28703137, 10.1038/ncomms16058, PMC5511350, 28703137, 28703137, ncomms16058
Format: Citation

Title: The mA pathway facilitates sex determination in Drosophila.
Creator: Kan, Lijuan, Grozhik, Anya V, Vedanayagam, Jeffrey, Patil, Deepak P, Pang, Nan, Lim, Kok-Seong, Huang, Yi-Chun, Joseph, Brian, Lin, Ching-Jung, Despic, Vladimir, Guo, Jian, Yan,...
Show moreKan, Lijuan, Grozhik, Anya V, Vedanayagam, Jeffrey, Patil, Deepak P, Pang, Nan, Lim, Kok-Seong, Huang, Yi-Chun, Joseph, Brian, Lin, Ching-Jung, Despic, Vladimir, Guo, Jian, Yan, Dong, Kondo, Shu, Deng, Wu-Min, Dedon, Peter C, Jaffrey, Samie R, Lai, Eric C
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Abstract/Description: The conserved modification N-methyladenosine (mA) modulates mRNA processing and activity. Here, we establish the Drosophila system to study the mA pathway. We first apply miCLIP to map mA across embryogenesis, characterize its mA 'writer' complex, validate its YTH 'readers' CG6422 and YT521-B, and generate mutants in five mA factors. While mA factors with additional roles in splicing are lethal, mA-specific mutants are viable but present certain developmental and behavioural defects. Notably,...
Show moreThe conserved modification N-methyladenosine (mA) modulates mRNA processing and activity. Here, we establish the Drosophila system to study the mA pathway. We first apply miCLIP to map mA across embryogenesis, characterize its mA 'writer' complex, validate its YTH 'readers' CG6422 and YT521-B, and generate mutants in five mA factors. While mA factors with additional roles in splicing are lethal, mA-specific mutants are viable but present certain developmental and behavioural defects. Notably, mA facilitates the master female determinant Sxl, since multiple mA components enhance female lethality in Sxl sensitized backgrounds. The mA pathway regulates Sxl processing directly, since miCLIP data reveal Sxl as a major intronic mA target, and female-specific Sxl splicing is compromised in multiple mA pathway mutants. YT521-B is a dominant mA effector for Sxl regulation, and YT521-B overexpression can induce female-specific Sxl splicing. Overall, our transcriptomic and genetic toolkit reveals in vivo biologic function for the Drosophila mA pathway.
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Date Issued: 2017-07-04
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28675155, 10.1038/ncomms15737, PMC5500889, 28675155, 28675155, ncomms15737
Format: Citation

Title: Polar rotor scattering as atomic-level origin of low mobility and thermal conductivity of perovskite CHNHPbI.
Creator: Li, Bing, Kawakita, Yukinobu, Liu, Yucheng, Wang, Mingchao, Matsuura, Masato, Shibata, Kaoru, Ohira-Kawamura, Seiko, Yamada, Takeshi, Lin, Shangchao, Nakajima, Kenji, Liu,...
Show moreLi, Bing, Kawakita, Yukinobu, Liu, Yucheng, Wang, Mingchao, Matsuura, Masato, Shibata, Kaoru, Ohira-Kawamura, Seiko, Yamada, Takeshi, Lin, Shangchao, Nakajima, Kenji, Liu, Shengzhong Frank
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Abstract/Description: Perovskite CHNHPbI exhibits outstanding photovoltaic performances, but the understanding of the atomic motions remains inadequate even though they take a fundamental role in transport properties. Here, we present a complete atomic dynamic picture consisting of molecular jumping rotational modes and phonons, which is established by carrying out high-resolution time-of-flight quasi-elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in a wide energy window ranging from 0.0036 to 54 meV on a...
Show morePerovskite CHNHPbI exhibits outstanding photovoltaic performances, but the understanding of the atomic motions remains inadequate even though they take a fundamental role in transport properties. Here, we present a complete atomic dynamic picture consisting of molecular jumping rotational modes and phonons, which is established by carrying out high-resolution time-of-flight quasi-elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements in a wide energy window ranging from 0.0036 to 54 meV on a large single crystal sample, respectively. The ultrafast orientational disorder of molecular dipoles, activated at ∼165 K, acts as an additional scattering source for optical phonons as well as for charge carriers. It is revealed that acoustic phonons dominate the thermal transport, rather than optical phonons due to sub-picosecond lifetimes. These microscopic insights provide a solid standing point, on which perovskite solar cells can be understood more accurately and their performances are perhaps further optimized.
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Date Issued: 2017-06-30
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28665407, 10.1038/ncomms16086, PMC5497077, 28665407, 28665407, ncomms16086
Format: Citation

Title: Overcoming the crystallization and designability issues in the ultrastable zirconium phosphonate framework system.
Creator: Zheng, Tao, Yang, Zaixing, Gui, Daxiang, Liu, Zhiyong, Wang, Xiangxiang, Dai, Xing, Liu, Shengtang, Zhang, Linjuan, Gao, Yang, Chen, Lanhua, Sheng, Daopeng, Wang, Yanlong, Diwu,...
Show moreZheng, Tao, Yang, Zaixing, Gui, Daxiang, Liu, Zhiyong, Wang, Xiangxiang, Dai, Xing, Liu, Shengtang, Zhang, Linjuan, Gao, Yang, Chen, Lanhua, Sheng, Daopeng, Wang, Yanlong, Diwu, Juan, Wang, Jianqiang, Zhou, Ruhong, Chai, Zhifang, Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E, Wang, Shuao
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Abstract/Description: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on zirconium phosphonates exhibit superior chemical stability suitable for applications under harsh conditions. These compounds mostly exist as poorly crystallized precipitates, and precise structural information has therefore remained elusive. Furthermore, a zero-dimensional zirconium phosphonate cluster acting as secondary building unit has been lacking, leading to poor designability in this system. Herein, we overcome these challenges and obtain single...
Show moreMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on zirconium phosphonates exhibit superior chemical stability suitable for applications under harsh conditions. These compounds mostly exist as poorly crystallized precipitates, and precise structural information has therefore remained elusive. Furthermore, a zero-dimensional zirconium phosphonate cluster acting as secondary building unit has been lacking, leading to poor designability in this system. Herein, we overcome these challenges and obtain single crystals of three zirconium phosphonates that are suitable for structural analysis. These compounds are built by previously unknown isolated zirconium phosphonate clusters and exhibit combined high porosity and ultrastability even in fuming acids. SZ-2 possesses the largest void volume recorded in zirconium phosphonates and SZ-3 represents the most porous crystalline zirconium phosphonate and the only porous MOF material reported to survive in aqua regia. SZ-2 and SZ-3 can effectively remove uranyl ions from aqueous solutions over a wide pH range, and we have elucidated the removal mechanism.
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Date Issued: 2017-05-30
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28555656, 10.1038/ncomms15369, PMC5459948, 28555656, 28555656, ncomms15369
Format: Citation

Title: Rare earth separations by selective borate crystallization.
Creator: Yin, Xuemiao, Wang, Yaxing, Bai, Xiaojing, Wang, Yumin, Chen, Lanhua, Xiao, Chengliang, Diwu, Juan, Du, Shiyu, Chai, Zhifang, Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E, Wang, Shuao
Abstract/Description: Lanthanides possess similar chemical properties rendering their separation from one another a challenge of fundamental chemical and global importance given their incorporation into many advanced technologies. New separation strategies combining green chemistry with low cost and high efficiency remain highly desirable. We demonstrate that the subtle bonding differences among trivalent lanthanides can be amplified during the crystallization of borates, providing chemical recognition of specific...
Show moreLanthanides possess similar chemical properties rendering their separation from one another a challenge of fundamental chemical and global importance given their incorporation into many advanced technologies. New separation strategies combining green chemistry with low cost and high efficiency remain highly desirable. We demonstrate that the subtle bonding differences among trivalent lanthanides can be amplified during the crystallization of borates, providing chemical recognition of specific lanthanides that originates from Ln coordination alterations, borate polymerization diversity and soft ligand coordination selectivity. Six distinct phases are obtained under identical reaction conditions across lanthanide series, further leading to an efficient and cost-effective separation strategy via selective crystallization. As proof of concept, Nd/Sm and Nd/Dy are used as binary models to demonstrate solid/aqueous and solid/solid separation processes. Controlling the reaction kinetics gives rise to enhanced separation efficiency of Nd/Sm system and a one-step quantitative separation of Nd/Dy with the aid of selective density-based flotation.
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Date Issued: 2017-03-14
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28290448, 10.1038/ncomms14438, PMC5355876, 28290448, 28290448, ncomms14438
Format: Citation

Title: One-dimensional organic lead halide perovskites with efficient bluish white-light emission.
Creator: Yuan, Zhao, Zhou, Chenkun, Tian, Yu, Shu, Yu, Messier, Joshua, Wang, Jamie C, van de Burgt, Lambertus J, Kountouriotis, Konstantinos, Xin, Yan, Holt, Ethan, Schanze, Kirk, Clark...
Show moreYuan, Zhao, Zhou, Chenkun, Tian, Yu, Shu, Yu, Messier, Joshua, Wang, Jamie C, van de Burgt, Lambertus J, Kountouriotis, Konstantinos, Xin, Yan, Holt, Ethan, Schanze, Kirk, Clark, Ronald, Siegrist, Theo, Ma, Biwu
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Abstract/Description: Organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites, an emerging class of solution processable photoactive materials, welcome a new member with a one-dimensional structure. Herein we report the synthesis, crystal structure and photophysical properties of one-dimensional organic lead bromide perovskites, CNHPbBr, in which the edge sharing octahedral lead bromide chains [PbBr ] are surrounded by the organic cations CNH to form the bulk assembly of core-shell quantum wires. This unique one...
Show moreOrganic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites, an emerging class of solution processable photoactive materials, welcome a new member with a one-dimensional structure. Herein we report the synthesis, crystal structure and photophysical properties of one-dimensional organic lead bromide perovskites, CNHPbBr, in which the edge sharing octahedral lead bromide chains [PbBr ] are surrounded by the organic cations CNH to form the bulk assembly of core-shell quantum wires. This unique one-dimensional structure enables strong quantum confinement with the formation of self-trapped excited states that give efficient bluish white-light emissions with photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of approximately 20% for the bulk single crystals and 12% for the microscale crystals. This work verifies once again that one-dimensional systems are favourable for exciton self-trapping to produce highly efficient below-gap broadband luminescence, and opens up a new route towards superior light emitters based on bulk quantum materials.
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Date Issued: 2017-01-04
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28051092, 10.1038/ncomms14051, PMC5216108, 28051092, 28051092, ncomms14051
Format: Citation

Title: Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures.
Creator: Wilson, R M, Hopple, A M, Tfaily, M M, Sebestyen, S D, Schadt, C W, Pfeifer-Meister, L, Medvedeff, C, McFarlane, K J, Kostka, J E, Kolton, M, Kolka, R K, Kluber, L A, Keller, J...
Show moreWilson, R M, Hopple, A M, Tfaily, M M, Sebestyen, S D, Schadt, C W, Pfeifer-Meister, L, Medvedeff, C, McFarlane, K J, Kostka, J E, Kolton, M, Kolka, R K, Kluber, L A, Keller, J K, Guilderson, T P, Griffiths, N A, Chanton, J P, Bridgham, S D, Hanson, P J
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Abstract/Description: Peatlands contain one-third of soil carbon (C), mostly buried in deep, saturated anoxic zones (catotelm). The response of catotelm C to climate forcing is uncertain, because prior experiments have focused on surface warming. We show that deep peat heating of a 2 m-thick peat column results in an exponential increase in CH emissions. However, this response is due solely to surface processes and not degradation of catotelm peat. Incubations show that only the top 20-30 cm of peat from...
Show morePeatlands contain one-third of soil carbon (C), mostly buried in deep, saturated anoxic zones (catotelm). The response of catotelm C to climate forcing is uncertain, because prior experiments have focused on surface warming. We show that deep peat heating of a 2 m-thick peat column results in an exponential increase in CH emissions. However, this response is due solely to surface processes and not degradation of catotelm peat. Incubations show that only the top 20-30 cm of peat from experimental plots have higher CH production rates at elevated temperatures. Radiocarbon analyses demonstrate that CH and CO are produced primarily from decomposition of surface-derived modern photosynthate, not catotelm C. There are no differences in microbial abundances, dissolved organic matter concentrations or degradative enzyme activities among treatments. These results suggest that although surface peat will respond to increasing temperature, the large reservoir of catotelm C is stable under current anoxic conditions.
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Date Issued: 2016-12-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27958276, 10.1038/ncomms13723, PMC5159855, 27958276, 27958276, ncomms13723
Format: Citation

Title: Extreme warming challenges sentinel status of kelp forests as indicators of climate change.
Creator: Reed, Daniel, Washburn, Libe, Rassweiler, Andrew, Miller, Robert, Bell, Tom, Harrer, Shannon
Abstract/Description: The desire to use sentinel species as early warning indicators of impending climate change effects on entire ecosystems is attractive, but we need to verify that such approaches have sound biological foundations. A recent large-scale warming event in the North Pacific Ocean of unprecedented magnitude and duration allowed us to evaluate the sentinel status of giant kelp, a coastal foundation species that thrives in cold, nutrient-rich waters and is considered sensitive to warming. Here, we...
Show moreThe desire to use sentinel species as early warning indicators of impending climate change effects on entire ecosystems is attractive, but we need to verify that such approaches have sound biological foundations. A recent large-scale warming event in the North Pacific Ocean of unprecedented magnitude and duration allowed us to evaluate the sentinel status of giant kelp, a coastal foundation species that thrives in cold, nutrient-rich waters and is considered sensitive to warming. Here, we show that giant kelp and the majority of species that associate with it did not presage ecosystem effects of extreme warming off southern California despite giant kelp's expected vulnerability. Our results challenge the general perception that kelp-dominated systems are highly vulnerable to extreme warming events and expose the more general risk of relying on supposed sentinel species that are assumed to be very sensitive to climate change.
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Date Issued: 2016-12-13
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27958273, 10.1038/ncomms13757, PMC5159872, 27958273, 27958273, ncomms13757
Format: Citation

Title: A route for a strong increase of critical current in nanostrained iron-based superconductors.
Creator: Ozaki, Toshinori, Wu, Lijun, Zhang, Cheng, Jaroszynski, Jan, Si, Weidong, Zhou, Juan, Zhu, Yimei, Li, Qiang
Abstract/Description: The critical temperature T and the critical current density J determine the limits to large-scale superconductor applications. Superconductivity emerges at T. The practical current-carrying capability, measured by J, is the ability of defects in superconductors to pin the magnetic vortices, and that may reduce T. Simultaneous increase of T and J in superconductors is desirable but very difficult to realize. Here we demonstrate a route to raise both T and J together in iron-based...
Show moreThe critical temperature T and the critical current density J determine the limits to large-scale superconductor applications. Superconductivity emerges at T. The practical current-carrying capability, measured by J, is the ability of defects in superconductors to pin the magnetic vortices, and that may reduce T. Simultaneous increase of T and J in superconductors is desirable but very difficult to realize. Here we demonstrate a route to raise both T and J together in iron-based superconductors. By using low-energy proton irradiation, we create cascade defects in FeSeTe films. T is enhanced due to the nanoscale compressive strain and proximity effect, whereas J is doubled under zero field at 4.2 K through strong vortex pinning by the cascade defects and surrounding nanoscale strain. At 12 K and above 15 T, one order of magnitude of J enhancement is achieved in both parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields to the film surface.
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Date Issued: 2016-10-06
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27708268, 10.1038/ncomms13036, PMC5059717, 27708268, 27708268, ncomms13036
Format: Citation

Title: Temperature-driven massless Kane fermions in HgCdTe crystals.
Creator: Teppe, F, Marcinkiewicz, M, Krishtopenko, S S, Ruffenach, S, Consejo, C, Kadykov, A M, Desrat, W, But, D, Knap, W, Ludwig, J, Moon, S, Smirnov, D, Orlita, M, Jiang, Z, Morozov,...
Show moreTeppe, F, Marcinkiewicz, M, Krishtopenko, S S, Ruffenach, S, Consejo, C, Kadykov, A M, Desrat, W, But, D, Knap, W, Ludwig, J, Moon, S, Smirnov, D, Orlita, M, Jiang, Z, Morozov, S V, Gavrilenko, V I, Mikhailov, N N, Dvoretskii, S A
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Abstract/Description: It has recently been shown that electronic states in bulk gapless HgCdTe offer another realization of pseudo-relativistic three-dimensional particles in condensed matter systems. These single valley relativistic states, massless Kane fermions, cannot be described by any other relativistic particles. Furthermore, the HgCdTe band structure can be continuously tailored by modifying cadmium content or temperature. At critical concentration or temperature, the bandgap collapses as the system...
Show moreIt has recently been shown that electronic states in bulk gapless HgCdTe offer another realization of pseudo-relativistic three-dimensional particles in condensed matter systems. These single valley relativistic states, massless Kane fermions, cannot be described by any other relativistic particles. Furthermore, the HgCdTe band structure can be continuously tailored by modifying cadmium content or temperature. At critical concentration or temperature, the bandgap collapses as the system undergoes a semimetal-to-semiconductor topological phase transition between the inverted and normal alignments. Here, using far-infrared magneto-spectroscopy we explore the continuous evolution of band structure of bulk HgCdTe as temperature is tuned across the topological phase transition. We demonstrate that the rest mass of Kane fermions changes sign at critical temperature, whereas their velocity remains constant. The velocity universal value of (1.07±0.05) × 10(6) m s(-1) remains valid in a broad range of temperatures and Cd concentrations, indicating a striking universality of the pseudo-relativistic description of the Kane fermions in HgCdTe.
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Date Issued: 2016-08-30
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27573209, 10.1038/ncomms12576, PMC5013552, 27573209, 27573209, ncomms12576
Format: Citation

Title: Crystallization of spin superlattices with pressure and field in the layered magnet SrCu2(BO3)2.
Creator: Haravifard, S, Graf, D, Feiguin, A E, Batista, C D, Lang, J C, Silevitch, D M, Srajer, G, Gaulin, B D, Dabkowska, H A, Rosenbaum, T F
Abstract/Description: An exact mapping between quantum spins and boson gases provides fresh approaches to the creation of quantum condensates and crystals. Here we report on magnetization measurements on the dimerized quantum magnet SrCu2(BO3)2 at cryogenic temperatures and through a quantum-phase transition that demonstrate the emergence of fractionally filled bosonic crystals in mesoscopic patterns, specified by a sequence of magnetization plateaus. We apply tens of Teslas of magnetic field to tune the density...
Show moreAn exact mapping between quantum spins and boson gases provides fresh approaches to the creation of quantum condensates and crystals. Here we report on magnetization measurements on the dimerized quantum magnet SrCu2(BO3)2 at cryogenic temperatures and through a quantum-phase transition that demonstrate the emergence of fractionally filled bosonic crystals in mesoscopic patterns, specified by a sequence of magnetization plateaus. We apply tens of Teslas of magnetic field to tune the density of bosons and gigapascals of hydrostatic pressure to regulate the underlying interactions. Simulations help parse the balance between energy and geometry in the emergent spin superlattices. The magnetic crystallites are the end result of a progression from a direct product of singlet states in each short dimer at zero field to preferred filling fractions of spin-triplet bosons in each dimer at large magnetic field, enriching the known possibilities for collective states in both quantum spin and atomic systems.
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Date Issued: 2016-06-20
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27320787, 10.1038/ncomms11956, PMC4915149, 27320787, 27320787, ncomms11956
Format: Citation

Title: Interplanar coupling-dependent magnetoresistivity in high-purity layered metals.
Creator: Kikugawa, N, Goswami, P, Kiswandhi, A, Choi, E S, Graf, D, Baumbach, R E, Brooks, J S, Sugii, K, Iida, Y, Nishio, M, Uji, S, Terashima, T, Rourke, P M C, Hussey, N E, Takatsu, H...
Show moreKikugawa, N, Goswami, P, Kiswandhi, A, Choi, E S, Graf, D, Baumbach, R E, Brooks, J S, Sugii, K, Iida, Y, Nishio, M, Uji, S, Terashima, T, Rourke, P M C, Hussey, N E, Takatsu, H, Yonezawa, S, Maeno, Y, Balicas, L
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Abstract/Description: The magnetic field-induced changes in the conductivity of metals are the subject of intense interest, both for revealing new phenomena and as a valuable tool for determining their Fermi surface. Here we report a hitherto unobserved magnetoresistive effect in ultra-clean layered metals, namely a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance that is capable of overcoming their very pronounced orbital one. This effect is correlated with the interlayer coupling disappearing for fields applied along the...
Show moreThe magnetic field-induced changes in the conductivity of metals are the subject of intense interest, both for revealing new phenomena and as a valuable tool for determining their Fermi surface. Here we report a hitherto unobserved magnetoresistive effect in ultra-clean layered metals, namely a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance that is capable of overcoming their very pronounced orbital one. This effect is correlated with the interlayer coupling disappearing for fields applied along the so-called Yamaji angles where the interlayer coupling vanishes. Therefore, it is intrinsically associated with the Fermi points in the field-induced quasi-one-dimensional electronic dispersion, implying that it results from the axial anomaly among these Fermi points. In its original formulation, the anomaly is predicted to violate separate number conservation laws for left- and right-handed chiral (for example, Weyl) fermions. Its observation in PdCoO2, PtCoO2 and Sr2RuO4 suggests that the anomaly affects the transport of clean conductors, in particular near the quantum limit.
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Date Issued: 2016-03-29
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27020134, 10.1038/ncomms10903, PMC4820545, 27020134, 27020134, ncomms10903
Format: Citation

Title: Stereocilia-staircase spacing is influenced by myosin III motors and their cargos espin-1 and espin-like.
Creator: Ebrahim, Seham, Avenarius, Matthew R, Grati, M'hamed, Krey, Jocelyn F, Windsor, Alanna M, Sousa, Aurea D, Ballesteros, Angela, Cui, Runjia, Millis, Bryan A, Salles, Felipe T,...
Show moreEbrahim, Seham, Avenarius, Matthew R, Grati, M'hamed, Krey, Jocelyn F, Windsor, Alanna M, Sousa, Aurea D, Ballesteros, Angela, Cui, Runjia, Millis, Bryan A, Salles, Felipe T, Baird, Michelle A, Davidson, Michael W, Jones, Sherri M, Choi, Dongseok, Dong, Lijin, Raval, Manmeet H, Yengo, Christopher M, Barr-Gillespie, Peter G, Kachar, Bechara
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Abstract/Description: Hair cells tightly control the dimensions of their stereocilia, which are actin-rich protrusions with graded heights that mediate mechanotransduction in the inner ear. Two members of the myosin-III family, MYO3A and MYO3B, are thought to regulate stereocilia length by transporting cargos that control actin polymerization at stereocilia tips. We show that eliminating espin-1 (ESPN-1), an isoform of ESPN and a myosin-III cargo, dramatically alters the slope of the stereocilia staircase in a...
Show moreHair cells tightly control the dimensions of their stereocilia, which are actin-rich protrusions with graded heights that mediate mechanotransduction in the inner ear. Two members of the myosin-III family, MYO3A and MYO3B, are thought to regulate stereocilia length by transporting cargos that control actin polymerization at stereocilia tips. We show that eliminating espin-1 (ESPN-1), an isoform of ESPN and a myosin-III cargo, dramatically alters the slope of the stereocilia staircase in a subset of hair cells. Furthermore, we show that espin-like (ESPNL), primarily present in developing stereocilia, is also a myosin-III cargo and is essential for normal hearing. ESPN-1 and ESPNL each bind MYO3A and MYO3B, but differentially influence how the two motors function. Consequently, functional properties of different motor-cargo combinations differentially affect molecular transport and the length of actin protrusions. This mechanism is used by hair cells to establish the required range of stereocilia lengths within a single cell.
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Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26926603, 10.1038/ncomms10833, PMC4773517, 26926603, 26926603, ncomms10833
Format: Citation

Title: A tunable artificial circadian clock in clock-defective mice.
Creator: D'Alessandro, Matthew, Beesley, Stephen, Kim, Jae Kyoung, Chen, Rongmin, Abich, Estela, Cheng, Wayne, Yi, Paul, Takahashi, Joseph S, Lee, Choogon
Abstract/Description: Self-sustaining oscillations are essential for diverse physiological functions such as the cell cycle, insulin secretion and circadian rhythms. Synthetic oscillators using biochemical feedback circuits have been generated in cell culture. These synthetic systems provide important insight into design principles for biological oscillators, but have limited similarity to physiological pathways. Here we report the generation of an artificial, mammalian circadian clock in vivo, capable of...
Show moreSelf-sustaining oscillations are essential for diverse physiological functions such as the cell cycle, insulin secretion and circadian rhythms. Synthetic oscillators using biochemical feedback circuits have been generated in cell culture. These synthetic systems provide important insight into design principles for biological oscillators, but have limited similarity to physiological pathways. Here we report the generation of an artificial, mammalian circadian clock in vivo, capable of generating robust, tunable circadian rhythms. In mice deficient in Per1 and Per2 genes (thus lacking circadian rhythms), we artificially generate PER2 rhythms and restore circadian sleep/wake cycles with an inducible Per2 transgene. Our artificial clock is tunable as the period and phase of the rhythms can be modulated predictably. This feature, and other design principles of our work, might enhance the study and treatment of circadian dysfunction and broader aspects of physiology involving biological oscillators.
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Date Issued: 2015-11-30
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26617050, 10.1038/ncomms9587, PMC4674671, 26617050, 26617050, ncomms9587
Format: Citation

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