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Annual War Deaths in Small-Scale versus State Societies Scale with Population Size Rather than Violence
Title
Annual War Deaths in Small-Scale versus State Societies Scale with Population Size Rather than Violence.
Creator
Falk, Dean, Hildebot, Charles
Abstract/Description
In The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined, psychologist Steven Pinker cites mean ratios of war (battle) deaths suffered annually per 100,000 individuals as evidence for concluding that people who live in states are less violent than those who live or lived in “hunting, gathering, and horticultural societies in which our species spent most of its evolutionary history.” Because such ratios are blind to actual population sizes, it remains to be seen whether the apparent...
Show moreIn The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined, psychologist Steven Pinker cites mean ratios of war (battle) deaths suffered annually per 100,000 individuals as evidence for concluding that people who live in states are less violent than those who live or lived in “hunting, gathering, and horticultural societies in which our species spent most of its evolutionary history.” Because such ratios are blind to actual population sizes, it remains to be seen whether the apparent decrease in contemporary violence is an artifact of scaling factors. Here scaling of war deaths is quantified relative to actual population sizes for 11 chimpanzee communities, 24 human nonstates, and 19 and 22 countries that fought in World War I and World War II, respectively. Mean annual battle deaths expressed as percentages of population sizes scale inversely with population sizes in chimpanzees and humans, indicating increased vulnerability rather than increased violence in smaller populations. However, the absolute number of mean annual war deaths increases exponentially (superlinearly) and nearly identically with population sizes across human groups but not chimpanzees. These findings suggest that people evolved to be more violent than chimpanzees and that humans from nonstates are neither more nor less violent than those from states.
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Date Issued
2017-10-13
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1508249643_7500c912, https://doi.org/10.1086/694568
Format
Citation
cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein
Title
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary analysis of unpublished photographs.
Creator
Falk, Dean, Lepore, Fredrick, Noe, Adrianne
Abstract/Description
Upon his death in 1955, Albert Einstein's brain was removed, fixed and photographed from multiple angles. It was then sectioned into 240 blocks, and histological slides were prepared. At the time, a roadmap was drawn that illustrates the location within the brain of each block and its associated slides. Here we describe the external gross neuroanatomy of Einstein's entire cerebral cortex from 14 recently discovered photographs, most of which were taken from unconventional angles. Two of the...
Show moreUpon his death in 1955, Albert Einstein's brain was removed, fixed and photographed from multiple angles. It was then sectioned into 240 blocks, and histological slides were prepared. At the time, a roadmap was drawn that illustrates the location within the brain of each block and its associated slides. Here we describe the external gross neuroanatomy of Einstein's entire cerebral cortex from 14 recently discovered photographs, most of which were taken from unconventional angles. Two of the photographs reveal sulcal patterns of the medial surfaces of the hemispheres, and another shows the neuroanatomy of the right (exposed) insula. Most of Einstein's sulci are identified, and sulcal patterns in various parts of the brain are compared with those of 85 human brains that have been described in the literature. To the extent currently possible, unusual features of Einstein's brain are tentatively interpreted in light of what is known about the evolution of higher cognitive processes in humans. As an aid to future investigators, these (and other) features are correlated with blocks on the roadmap (and therefore histological slides). Einstein's brain has an extraordinary prefrontal cortex, which may have contributed to the neurological substrates for some of his remarkable cognitive abilities. The primary somatosensory and motor cortices near the regions that typically represent face and tongue are greatly expanded in the left hemisphere. Einstein's parietal lobes are also unusual and may have provided some of the neurological underpinnings for his visuospatial and mathematical skills, as others have hypothesized. Einstein's brain has typical frontal and occipital shape asymmetries (petalias) and grossly asymmetrical inferior and superior parietal lobules. Contrary to the literature, Einstein's brain is not spherical, does not lack parietal opercula and has non-confluent Sylvian and inferior postcentral sulci.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
FSU_migr_anthro_faculty_publications-0001, 10.1093/brain/aws295
Format
Citation
A Critical Evaluation of the Down Syndrome Diagnosis for LB1, Type Specimen of Homo floresiensis
Title
A Critical Evaluation of the Down Syndrome Diagnosis for LB1, Type Specimen of Homo floresiensis.
Creator
Baab, Karen L., Brown, Peter, Falk, Dean, Richtsmeier, Joan T., Hildebolt, Charles F., Smith, Kirk, Jungers, William
Abstract/Description
The Liang Bua hominins from Flores, Indonesia, have been the subject of intense scrutiny and debate since their initial description and classification in 2004. These remains have been assigned to a new species, Homo floresiensis, with the partial skeleton LB1 as the type specimen. The Liang Bua hominins are notable for their short stature, small endocranial volume, and many features that appear phylogenetically primitive relative to modern humans, despite their late Pleistocene age. Recently,...
Show moreThe Liang Bua hominins from Flores, Indonesia, have been the subject of intense scrutiny and debate since their initial description and classification in 2004. These remains have been assigned to a new species, Homo floresiensis, with the partial skeleton LB1 as the type specimen. The Liang Bua hominins are notable for their short stature, small endocranial volume, and many features that appear phylogenetically primitive relative to modern humans, despite their late Pleistocene age. Recently, some workers suggested that the remains represent members of a small-bodied island population of modern Austro-Melanesian humans, with LB1 exhibiting clinical signs of Down syndrome. Many classic Down syndrome signs are soft tissue features that could not be assessed in skeletal remains. Moreover, a definitive diagnosis of Down syndrome can only be made by genetic analysis as the phenotypes associated with Down syndrome are variable. Most features that contribute to the Down syndrome phenotype are not restricted to Down syndrome but are seen in other chromosomal disorders and in the general population. Nevertheless, we re-evaluated the presence of those phenotypic features used to support this classification by comparing LB1 to samples of modern humans diagnosed with Down syndrome and euploid modern humans using comparative morphometric analyses. We present new data regarding neurocranial, brain, and symphyseal shape in Down syndrome, additional estimates of stature for LB1, and analyses of inter- and intralimb proportions. The presence of cranial sinuses is addressed using CT images of LB1. We found minimal congruence between the LB1 phenotype and clinical descriptions of Down syndrome. We present important differences between the phenotypes of LB1 and individuals with Down syndrome, and quantitative data that characterize LB1 as an outlier compared with Down syndrome and non-Down syndrome groups. Homo floresiensis remains a phenotypically unique, valid species with its roots in Plio-Pleistocene Homo taxa.
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Date Issued
2016-06-08
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_wos_000377561700008, 10.1371/journal.pone.0155731
Format
Citation
Einstein’s Brain
Title
Einstein’s Brain: Lost and Found.
Creator
Falk, Dean
Date Issued
2018-06-12
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1546879651_0b074e5b, 10.1093/brain/awy168
Format
Citation
Ethnozoology of the Maya
Title
Ethnozoology of the Maya: An Analysis of Fauna from Five Sites in the Peten, Guatemala.
Creator
Pohl, Mary
Date Issued
1976-12-01
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1474471277
Format
Citation
Evolution of Brain and Culture
Title
Evolution of Brain and Culture: The Neurological and Cognitive Journey from Australopithecus to Albert Einstein.
Creator
Falk, Dean
Abstract/Description
Fossil and comparative primatological evidence suggest that alterations in the development of prehistoric hominin infants kindled three consecutive evolutionary-developmental (evo-devo) trends that, ultimately, paved the way for the evolution of the human brain and cognition. In the earliest trend, infants' development of posture and locomotion became delayed because of anatomical changes that accompanied the prolonged evolution of bipedalism. Because modern humans have inherited these...
Show moreFossil and comparative primatological evidence suggest that alterations in the development of prehistoric hominin infants kindled three consecutive evolutionary-developmental (evo-devo) trends that, ultimately, paved the way for the evolution of the human brain and cognition. In the earliest trend, infants' development of posture and locomotion became delayed because of anatomical changes that accompanied the prolonged evolution of bipedalism. Because modern humans have inherited these changes, our babies are much slower than other primates to reach developmental milestones such as standing, crawling, and walking. The delay in ancestral babies' physical development eventually precipitated an evolutionary reversal in which they became increasing unable to cling independently to their mothers. For the first time in prehistory, babies were, thus, periodically deprived of direct physical contact with their mothers. This prompted the emergence of a second evo-devo trend in which infants sought contact comfort from caregivers using evolved signals, including new ways of crying that are conserved in modern babies. Such signaling stimulated intense reciprocal interactions between prehistoric mothers and infants that seeded the eventual emergence of motherese and, subsequently, protolanguage. The third trend was for an extreme acceleration in brain growth that began prior to the last trimester of gestation and continued through infants' first postnatal year (early "brain spurt"). Conservation of this trend in modern babies explains why human brains reach adult sizes that are over three times those of chimpanzees. The fossil record of hominin cranial capacities together with comparative neuroanatomical data suggest that, around 3 million years ago, early brain spurts began to facilitate an evolutionary trajectory for increasingly large adult brains in association with neurological reorganization. The prehistoric increase in brain size eventually caused parturition to become exceedingly difficult, and this difficulty, known as the "obstetrical dilemma", is likely to constrain the future evolution of brain size and, thus, privilege ongoing evolution in neurological reorganization. In modern babies, the brain spurt is accompanied by formation and tuning (pruning) of neurological connections, and development of dynamic higher-order networks that facilitate acquisition of grammatical language and, later in development, other advanced computational abilities such as musical or mathematical perception and performance. The cumulative evidence suggests that the emergence and refinement of grammatical language was a prime mover of hominin brain evolution.
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Date Issued
2016-02-16
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1456937444, 10.4436/jass.94027
Format
Citation
Final Performance Report, November 1, 2012 – June 30, 2018
Title
Final Performance Report, November 1, 2012 – June 30, 2018: National Endowment for the Humanities Collaborative Research Grant.
Creator
von Nagy, Christopher L., Pohl, Mary D.
Date Issued
2018-09-30
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1609776347_a9836455
Format
Citation
Foodways Archaeology
Title
Foodways Archaeology: A Decade of Research from the Southeastern United States.
Creator
Peres, Tanya M.
Abstract/Description
Interest in the study of foodways through an archaeological lens, particularly in the American Southeast, is evident in the abundance of literature on this topic over the past decade. Foodways as a concept includes all of the activities, rules, and meanings that surround the production, harvesting, processing, cooking, serving, and consumption of food. We study foodways and components of foodways archaeologically through direct and indirect evidence. The current synthesis is concerned with...
Show moreInterest in the study of foodways through an archaeological lens, particularly in the American Southeast, is evident in the abundance of literature on this topic over the past decade. Foodways as a concept includes all of the activities, rules, and meanings that surround the production, harvesting, processing, cooking, serving, and consumption of food. We study foodways and components of foodways archaeologically through direct and indirect evidence. The current synthesis is concerned with research themes in the archaeology of Southeastern foodways, including feasting, gender, social and political status, and food insecurity. In this review, I explore the information that can be learned from material remains of the foodstuffs themselves and the multiple lines of evidence that can help us better understand the meanings, rituals, processes, and cultural meanings and motivations of foodways
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Date Issued
2017-02-15
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1484910794, 10.1007/s10814-017-9104-4
Format
Citation
How Australopithecus provided insight into human evolution
Title
How Australopithecus provided insight into human evolution.
Creator
Falk, Dean
Abstract/Description
In 1925, a Nature paper reported an African fossil of a previously unknown genus called Australopithecus. This finding revolutionized ideas about early human evolution after human ancestors and apes split on the evolutionary tree.
Date Issued
2019-10-29
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1572374538_9031cf5c
Format
Citation
Identification of In Vivo Sulci on the External Surface of Eight Adult Chimpanzee Brains
Title
Identification of In Vivo Sulci on the External Surface of Eight Adult Chimpanzee Brains: Implications for Interpreting Early Hominin Endocasts.
Creator
Falk, Dean, Zollikofer, Christoph, Ponce de León, Marcia, Semendeferi, Katerina
Abstract/Description
The only direct source of information about hominin brain evolution comes from the fossil record of endocranial casts (endocasts) that reproduce details of the external morphology of the brain imprinted on the walls of the braincase during life. Surface traces of sulci that separate the brain’s convolutions (gyri) are reproduced sporadically on early hominin endocasts. Paleoneurologists rely heavily on published descriptions of sulci on brains of great apes, especially chimpanzees (humans’...
Show moreThe only direct source of information about hominin brain evolution comes from the fossil record of endocranial casts (endocasts) that reproduce details of the external morphology of the brain imprinted on the walls of the braincase during life. Surface traces of sulci that separate the brain’s convolutions (gyri) are reproduced sporadically on early hominin endocasts. Paleoneurologists rely heavily on published descriptions of sulci on brains of great apes, especially chimpanzees (humans’ phylogenetically closest living relatives), to guide their identifications of sulci on ape-sized hominin endocasts. However, the few comprehensive descriptions of cortical sulci published for chimpanzees usually relied on post mortem brains, (now) antiquated terminology for some sulci, and photographs or line drawings from limited perspectives (typically right or left lateral views). The shortage of adequate descriptions of chimpanzee sulcal patterns partly explains why identities of certain sulci on australopithecine endocasts (e.g., the inferior frontal and middle frontal sulci) have been controversial. Here, we provide images of lateral and dorsal surfaces of 16 hemispheres from four male and four female adult chimpanzee brains that were obtained using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging. Sulci on the exposed surfaces of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes are identified on the images, based on their locations, positions relative to each other, and homologies known from comparative studies of cytoarchitecture in primates. These images and sulcal identifications exceed the quantity and quality of previously published illustrations of chimpanzee brains with comprehensively labeled sulci and, thus, provide a larger number of examples for identifying sulci on hominin endocasts than hitherto available. Our findings, even in a small sample like the present one, overturn published claims that australopithecine endocasts reproduce derived configurations of certain sulci in their frontal lobes that never appear on chimpanzee brains. The sulcal patterns in these new images also suggest that changes in two gyri that bridge between the parietal and occipital lobes may have contributed to cortical reorganization in early hominins. It is our hope that these labeled in vivo chimpanzee brains will assist future researchers to identify sulci on hominin endocasts, which is a necessary first step in the quest to learn how and when the external morphology of the human cerebral cortex evolved from apelike precursors.
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Date Issued
2018-03-13
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1519743525_5e4faa25, 10.1159/000487248
Format
Set of related objects
experimental study of turtle shell rattle production and the implications for prehistoric faunal assemblages
Title
Identifying Turtle Shell Rattles in the Archaeological Record of the Southeastern United States.
Creator
Peres, Tanya, Gillreath-Brown, Andrew
Abstract/Description
The construction of rattles from turtle (Testudines) shells is an important consideration when distinguishing between food and non-food uses of archaeological turtle remains. However, the identification of turtle shell rattles in prehistoric contexts can be quite challenging. Equifinality is a major problem for being able to distinguish rattles from food refuse, particularly when a carapace is not burnt or modified. In addition, diversity, abundance, and distribution of chelonian taxa varies...
Show moreThe construction of rattles from turtle (Testudines) shells is an important consideration when distinguishing between food and non-food uses of archaeological turtle remains. However, the identification of turtle shell rattles in prehistoric contexts can be quite challenging. Equifinality is a major problem for being able to distinguish rattles from food refuse, particularly when a carapace is not burnt or modified. In addition, diversity, abundance, and distribution of chelonian taxa varies throughout the southeastern United States, creating differential access for indigenous groups. Thus, multiple lines of evidence are needed from archaeological, ethnographic, and ethnohistoric records to successfully argue for the production and use of turtle shell rattles in the prehistoric southeastern United States. In this article, we present examples of turtle shell rattles in the southeastern United States to highlight their function and use by indigenous groups, the construction process, and several common characteristics, or an object trait list, that can aid in the identification of fragmentary turtle shell rattle remains. Accurate functional identification of turtle remains is important for identifying turtle shell rattle artifacts and may be of interest to indigenous groups claiming cultural items under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).
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Date Issued
2017-09-18
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1518811286_7589f544, 10.14237/ebl.8.1.2017.979
Format
Citation
Interpreting Sulci on Hominin Endocasts
Title
Interpreting Sulci on Hominin Endocasts: Old Hypotheses and New Findings.
Creator
Falk, Dean
Abstract/Description
Paleoneurologists analyze internal casts (endocasts) of fossilized brain cases, which provide information about the size, shape and, to a limited degree, sulcal patterns reproduced from impressions left by the surface of the brain. When interpreted in light of comparative data from the brains of living apes and humans, sulcal patterns reproduced on hominin endocasts provide important information for studying the evolution of the cerebral cortex and cognition in human ancestors. Here, new...
Show morePaleoneurologists analyze internal casts (endocasts) of fossilized brain cases, which provide information about the size, shape and, to a limited degree, sulcal patterns reproduced from impressions left by the surface of the brain. When interpreted in light of comparative data from the brains of living apes and humans, sulcal patterns reproduced on hominin endocasts provide important information for studying the evolution of the cerebral cortex and cognition in human ancestors. Here, new evidence is discussed for the evolution of sulcal patterns associated with cortical reorganization in threeparts of the hominin brain: (1) the parietotemporo-occipital association cortex (2) Broca’s speech area, and (3) dorsolateral prefrontal association cortex. Of the three regions, the evidence regarding the last is the clearest. Compared to great apes, Australopithecus endocasts reproduce a clear middle frontal sulcus in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex that is derived toward the human condition. This finding is consistent with data from comparative cytoarchitectural studies of ape and human brains as well as shape analyses of australopithecie endocasts. The comparative and direct evidence for all three regions suggests that hominin brain reorganization was under way by at least the time of Australopitecusafricanus (∼2.5to3.0mya), despite the ape-sized brains of these hominins, and that it entailed expansion of both rostral and caudal association cortices.
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Date Issued
2014-05-01
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1456937107, 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00134
Format
Citation
More on Asperger’s Career
Title
More on Asperger’s Career: A Reply to Czech.
Creator
Falk, Dean
Abstract/Description
Czech’s claims that my paper abounds with mistranslations, misrepresentations, and factual errors are refuted point-by-point, as is his declaration that the paper contains no relevant or new evidence. Asperger’s statements that Franz Hamburger saved him from the Gestapo are reaffirmed and supported with a personal communication from Asperger’s daughter, Dr. Maria Asperger Felder. Czech’s criticism of anonymous peer reviewers and his call for retraction of my paper are, at best, unconstructive...
Show moreCzech’s claims that my paper abounds with mistranslations, misrepresentations, and factual errors are refuted point-by-point, as is his declaration that the paper contains no relevant or new evidence. Asperger’s statements that Franz Hamburger saved him from the Gestapo are reaffirmed and supported with a personal communication from Asperger’s daughter, Dr. Maria Asperger Felder. Czech’s criticism of anonymous peer reviewers and his call for retraction of my paper are, at best, unconstructive. In light of the current resurgence of authoritarian governments that promote xenophobic and racist ideology in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere, it is essential that details about the Nazi euthanasia program continue to be recalled and deliberated, as they are in this exchange. I stand by my paper.
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Date Issued
2019-06-10
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1560879731_3db21518, 10.1007/s10803-019-04099-6
Format
Citation
Non-complicit
Title
Non-complicit: Revisiting Hans Asperger’s Career in Nazi-era Vienna.
Creator
Falk, Dean
Abstract/Description
Recent allegations that pediatrician Hans Asperger legitimized Nazi policies, including forced sterilization and child euthanasia, are refuted with newly translated and chronologically-ordered information that takes into account Hitler’s deceptive ‘halt’ to the T4 euthanasia program in 1941. It is highly unlikely that Asperger was aware of the T4 program when he referred Herta Schreiber to Am Spiegelgrund or when he mentioned that institution 4 months later on the medical chart of another ...
Show moreRecent allegations that pediatrician Hans Asperger legitimized Nazi policies, including forced sterilization and child euthanasia, are refuted with newly translated and chronologically-ordered information that takes into account Hitler’s deceptive ‘halt’ to the T4 euthanasia program in 1941. It is highly unlikely that Asperger was aware of the T4 program when he referred Herta Schreiber to Am Spiegelgrund or when he mentioned that institution 4 months later on the medical chart of another (unrelated) girl, Elisabeth Schreiber. Asperger campaigned vigorously from 1938 to 1943 to have his specialization, Curative Education, take priority in the diagnosis and treatment of disabled children over other fields that promoted Nazi racial hygiene policies. He neither disparaged his patients nor was he sexist. By 1938, he had identified the essentials of Asperger syndrome and described an unnamed boy whom he later profiled (as Ernst K.) in 1944. Rather than doing ‘thin’ research, Asperger made discoveries that were prescient, and some of his activities conformed to definitions of “individual resistance.”
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Date Issued
2019-03-18
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1553010792_32fb0055, 10.1007/s10803-019-03981-7
Format
Citation
Pests in the Garden: Testing the Garden-Hunting Model at the Rutherford-Kizer Site, Sumner County, Tennessee
Title
Pests in the Garden: Testing the Garden-Hunting Model at the Rutherford-Kizer Site, Sumner County, Tennessee.
Creator
Clinton, Jennifer M., Peres, Tanya M.
Abstract/Description
Garden hunting as a prehistoric subsistence strategy has been studied in the American Tropics and the American Southwest, and as a modern strategy in the Peruvian Amazon. The concept of garden hunting is centered on the idea that as human groups focus more time on agriculture-related activities, they have less time to spend on hunting. This case study is the first time the garden-hunting model has been tested with data from the Mississippian period in the South-eastern United States. We build...
Show moreGarden hunting as a prehistoric subsistence strategy has been studied in the American Tropics and the American Southwest, and as a modern strategy in the Peruvian Amazon. The concept of garden hunting is centered on the idea that as human groups focus more time on agriculture-related activities, they have less time to spend on hunting. This case study is the first time the garden-hunting model has been tested with data from the Mississippian period in the South-eastern United States. We build on previously published primary zooarchaeological data from the Rutherford-Kizer site, located in Middle Tennessee, to test the garden-hunting model of animal exploitation. Our analysis indicates the Rutherford-Kizer site residents practiced a selective hunting strategy that targeted terrestrial animals that thrive in disturbed habitats, such as cultivated fields.
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Date Issued
2011
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1847
Format
Citation
Pre-Clovis occupation 14,550 years ago at the Page-Ladson site, Florida, and the peopling of the Americas
Title
Pre-Clovis occupation 14,550 years ago at the Page-Ladson site, Florida, and the peopling of the Americas.
Creator
Halligan, Jessi J., Waters, Michael R., Perrotti, Angelina, Owens, Ivy J., Feinberg, Joshua M., Bourne, Mark D., Fenerty, Brendan, Winsborough, Barbara, Carlson, David, Fisher,...
Show moreHalligan, Jessi J., Waters, Michael R., Perrotti, Angelina, Owens, Ivy J., Feinberg, Joshua M., Bourne, Mark D., Fenerty, Brendan, Winsborough, Barbara, Carlson, David, Fisher, Daniel C., Stafford, Thomas W., Dunbar, James S.
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Abstract/Description
Stone tools and mastodon bones occur in an undisturbed geological context at the Page-Ladson site, Florida. Seventy-one radiocarbon ages show that similar to 14,550 calendar years ago (cal yr B.P.), people butchered or scavenged amastodon next to a pond in a bedrock sinkhole within the Aucilla River. This occupation surface was buried by similar to 4 m of sediment during the late Pleistocenemarine transgression, which also left the site submerged. Sporormiella and other proxy evidence from...
Show moreStone tools and mastodon bones occur in an undisturbed geological context at the Page-Ladson site, Florida. Seventy-one radiocarbon ages show that similar to 14,550 calendar years ago (cal yr B.P.), people butchered or scavenged amastodon next to a pond in a bedrock sinkhole within the Aucilla River. This occupation surface was buried by similar to 4 m of sediment during the late Pleistocenemarine transgression, which also left the site submerged. Sporormiella and other proxy evidence from the sediments indicate that hunter-gatherers along the Gulf Coastal Plain coexisted with and utilized megafauna for similar to 2000 years before these animals became extinct at similar to 12,600 cal yr B. P. Page-Ladson expands our understanding of the earliest colonizers of the Americas and human-megafauna interaction before extinction.
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Date Issued
2016-05
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_wos_000380073000040, 10.1126/sciadv.1600375
Format
Citation
Recent Research in the Middle Cumberland River Valley
Title
Recent Research in the Middle Cumberland River Valley: Introduction to a Special Volume.
Creator
Deter-Wolf, Aaron, Peres, Tanya M
Date Issued
2012
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1453748062
Format
Citation
Shell-Bearing Archaic in the Middle Cumberland River Valley
Title
The Shell-Bearing Archaic in the Middle Cumberland River Valley.
Creator
Peres, Tanya M., Deter-Wolf, Aaron
Abstract/Description
The Middle Cumberland River Valley of Tennessee comprises a unique regional environment that has continually supported human occupation along the natural river levees and adjacent terrace landforms since the Late Pleistocene. Over thousands of years Archaic period inhabitants of the Middle Cumberland River Valley harvested the invertebrate species that populated the streams and waterways of the region, using them for subsistence and raw materials and taking an active role in managing the...
Show moreThe Middle Cumberland River Valley of Tennessee comprises a unique regional environment that has continually supported human occupation along the natural river levees and adjacent terrace landforms since the Late Pleistocene. Over thousands of years Archaic period inhabitants of the Middle Cumberland River Valley harvested the invertebrate species that populated the streams and waterways of the region, using them for subsistence and raw materials and taking an active role in managing the riverine resources. The cumulative result of this process appears in the archaeological record as abundant and often-dense deposits of invertebrate zooarchaeological remains. However, few formal archaeological investigations have been conducted on Archaic shell-bearing sites in the region. In this field report we present initial results of site file analysis, radiocarbon dating, and species composition research in order to introduce the Middle Cumberland River Valley manifestation of the cultural phase traditionally known as the Shell Mound Archaic.
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Date Issued
2016-06-13
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1467372254, 10.1080/0734578X.2016.1154428
Format
Citation
Zooarchaeological Analysis of a Multicomponent Shell-Bearing Site in Davidson County, Tennessee
Title
Zooarchaeological Analysis of a Multicomponent Shell-Bearing Site in Davidson County, Tennessee.
Creator
Peres, Tanya M., Deter-Wolf, Aaron, Myers, Gage A.
Abstract/Description
Site 40DV7 is one of several large shell-bearing sites located along the Cumberland River near Nashville which were heavily impacted by catastrophic flooding and looting activity during the spring of 2010. Emergency sampling and ongoing monitoring at 40DV7 since that time have identified deeply-stratified deposits spanning the Archaic through Mississippian periods. These deposits, and particularly the temporally-distinct shell midden components, may help inform our understanding of human...
Show moreSite 40DV7 is one of several large shell-bearing sites located along the Cumberland River near Nashville which were heavily impacted by catastrophic flooding and looting activity during the spring of 2010. Emergency sampling and ongoing monitoring at 40DV7 since that time have identified deeply-stratified deposits spanning the Archaic through Mississippian periods. These deposits, and particularly the temporally-distinct shell midden components, may help inform our understanding of human occupation, species interdependence, and environmental change along the Cumberland River over a period of more than 5000 years.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1453747339
Format
Citation
Zooarchaeological Analysis of Faunal Remains Recovered from Sands Key #2 (8D2) (SEAC Accession #1930), Biscayne National Park, Miami-Dade County Florida.
Title
Zooarchaeological Analysis of Faunal Remains Recovered from Sands Key #2 (8D2) (SEAC Accession #1930), Biscayne National Park, Miami-Dade County Florida.
Creator
Peres, Tanya M., McLean, Emily
Abstract/Description
This is a report of the zooarchaeological analysis of faunal remains recovered as part of the excavations by archeologists with the Southeastern Archeological Center of the National Park Service at the Sands Key #2 site (8DA2) (SEAC Acc #1930), located in the Biscayne National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida. This analysis was performed under the Southern Appalachian Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit (SA-CESU) Task Agreement Number (P14AC01652) under Cooperative Agreement Number P14AC00882...
Show moreThis is a report of the zooarchaeological analysis of faunal remains recovered as part of the excavations by archeologists with the Southeastern Archeological Center of the National Park Service at the Sands Key #2 site (8DA2) (SEAC Acc #1930), located in the Biscayne National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida. This analysis was performed under the Southern Appalachian Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit (SA-CESU) Task Agreement Number (P14AC01652) under Cooperative Agreement Number P14AC00882 between the United States Department of the Interior - The National Park Service/Southeast Archeological Center and Middle Tennessee State University (PI Tanya M. Peres, September 2014). The Project title is “Documenting Subsistence Strategies in the Southeast Using the National Park Service’s Archeological Resources.” In October 2015, the remainder of the zooarchaeological analysis and reporting was subcontracted by Middle Tennessee State University to Tanya M. Peres at Florida State University (FSU Project# 037433 | MTSU Award# 536858S). The Sands Key #2 faunal assemblage reported on here contains 9,812 specimens weighing 12,791.65 g. The data generated from the zooarchaeological analysis is detailed in this report. Preliminary interpretations about the use of aquatic resources by the Tequesta are offered.
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Date Issued
2018-01-19
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1532018990_f2e488bf, 10.17125/fsu.1532018990
Format
Citation
Zooarchaeological Analysis of Faunal Remains Recovered from Totten Key (8DA3439) (SEAC Accession #2628), Biscayne National Park, Miami-Dade County Florida.
Title
Zooarchaeological Analysis of Faunal Remains Recovered from Totten Key (8DA3439) (SEAC Accession #2628), Biscayne National Park, Miami-Dade County Florida.
Creator
Peres, Tanya M., McLean, Emily
Abstract/Description
This is a report of the zooarchaeological analysis of faunal remains recovered as part of the excavations by archeologists with the Southeastern Archeological Center (SEAC) of the National Park Service at the Totten Key Site (8DA3439) on Totten Key, Miami-Dade County, Florida. This analysis was performed under the Southern Appalachian Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit (SA-CESU) Task Agreement Number (P14AC01652) under Cooperative Agreement Number P14AC00882 between the United States...
Show moreThis is a report of the zooarchaeological analysis of faunal remains recovered as part of the excavations by archeologists with the Southeastern Archeological Center (SEAC) of the National Park Service at the Totten Key Site (8DA3439) on Totten Key, Miami-Dade County, Florida. This analysis was performed under the Southern Appalachian Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit (SA-CESU) Task Agreement Number (P14AC01652) under Cooperative Agreement Number P14AC00882 between the United States Department of the Interior - The National Park Service/Southeast Archeological Center and Middle Tennessee State University (PI Tanya M. Peres, September 2014) (Appendix 1). The Project title is “Documenting Subsistence Strategies in the Southeast Using the National Park Service’s Archeological Resources.” In October 2015, the remainder of the zooarchaeological analysis and reporting was subcontracted by Middle Tennessee State University to Tanya M. Peres at Florida State University (FSU Project# 037433 | MTSU Award# 536858S).
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Date Issued
2018-07-16
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1532019273_4d277f12, 10.17125/fsu.1532019273
Format
Citation
Zooarchaeological Remains from the 1998 Fewkes Site Excavations, Williamson County, Tennessee
Title
Zooarchaeological Remains from the 1998 Fewkes Site Excavations, Williamson County, Tennessee.
Creator
Peres, Tanya M.
Abstract/Description
The Fewkes site faunal assemblage, excavated as part of a Phase III data recovery project for the Tennessee Department of Transportation in 1998, was analyzed and evaluated in light of its potential to provide significant information about Middle Mississippian subsistence practices and environmental conditions of the area during the time of occupation. Specific goals of the analysis included: (1) defining the subsistence strategies and practices of the people that inhabited the site; (2)...
Show moreThe Fewkes site faunal assemblage, excavated as part of a Phase III data recovery project for the Tennessee Department of Transportation in 1998, was analyzed and evaluated in light of its potential to provide significant information about Middle Mississippian subsistence practices and environmental conditions of the area during the time of occupation. Specific goals of the analysis included: (1) defining the subsistence strategies and practices of the people that inhabited the site; (2) determining the relationship of the site to the surrounding ecological habitats; and (3) determining the seasonality of the site. Additionally, the Fewkes faunal assemblage was compared to animal exploitation practices as outlined for the Cumberland River drainage model of Mississippian period sites. The results of the analysis of selected contexts are presented here.
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Date Issued
2010
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1453748255
Format
Citation