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"But where is his voice?
Title
"But where is his voice?: " The Debate of Pope Pius XII's Silence During the Holocaust.
Creator
Whitman, Kayleigh, Department of History
Abstract/Description
For the past sixty years the question of whether or not Pope Pius XII did all that he could to help the victims of the Holocaust has plagued the reputation and memory of his papacy. As the Vatican and Pope Francis continue proceedings towards the canonization of Pius, the question of what judgment can be placed against the pope becomes ever more pressing. My project examines the path that the debate has taken over the past six decades through the work of both the critics and defenders of His...
Show moreFor the past sixty years the question of whether or not Pope Pius XII did all that he could to help the victims of the Holocaust has plagued the reputation and memory of his papacy. As the Vatican and Pope Francis continue proceedings towards the canonization of Pius, the question of what judgment can be placed against the pope becomes ever more pressing. My project examines the path that the debate has taken over the past six decades through the work of both the critics and defenders of His Holiness. While this thesis does not deliver a verdict against Pius, it does address the important question of how the contemporary reader can understand what has been written and the evolution of the charges that have been placed against him. In this paper Rolf Hochhuth serves as the leading example for the critics and Father Robert Graham S.J. serves as his defense counterpart. Beginning with these two men and their arguments, I examine the charges and responses of both the defenders and the critics during the controversial years of the 1960s and 1990s. Through this study I have found that though the Vatican's records remain sealed limiting the pool of information for researchers, the debate has continued to thrive because of the difference in perception of the two sides. The critics place their emphasis on the moral responsibility of the pope and the defenders focus their arguments on the political responsibility and implications of the pope's actions during this uncertain time.
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Date Issued
2014
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0346
Format
Thesis
Agency, Gender, and the Law in Slave Narratives
Title
Agency, Gender, and the Law in Slave Narratives.
Creator
Thomas, Alexandra, Department of History
Abstract/Description
This thesis examines the presence of legal institutions in the accounts of enslaved and apprenticed people who resided in the British colonies of Jamaica, Antigua and Mauritius. Focusing on the lives of three individuals, Mary Prince, James Williams, and Marie Saladin, this thesis integrates enslaved persons' presence in and interaction with legal institutions into the wider scope of what it meant to be enslaved during the nineteenth century on a British colony. To do so, the thesis observes...
Show moreThis thesis examines the presence of legal institutions in the accounts of enslaved and apprenticed people who resided in the British colonies of Jamaica, Antigua and Mauritius. Focusing on the lives of three individuals, Mary Prince, James Williams, and Marie Saladin, this thesis integrates enslaved persons' presence in and interaction with legal institutions into the wider scope of what it meant to be enslaved during the nineteenth century on a British colony. To do so, the thesis observes the common elements discussed and represented in accounts of enslaved people and analyses the concept of a slave narrative.
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Date Issued
2014
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0400
Format
Thesis
Changing Promised Land
Title
A Changing Promised Land: The Southern Baptist Convention and the Civil War.
Creator
Smith, Dalton L., Department of History
Abstract/Description
Before the final political division of Union and Confederacy leading to the Civil War, the people of the United States had already begun to separate on idealogical levels along geographical lines. In 1845, the Southern Baptist Convention separated from Baptists in the North based on their desire to be equally represented in the convention and northern feelings that slave owners could not participate in some aspects of convention work, namely mission work. The paper focuses on the growth of...
Show moreBefore the final political division of Union and Confederacy leading to the Civil War, the people of the United States had already begun to separate on idealogical levels along geographical lines. In 1845, the Southern Baptist Convention separated from Baptists in the North based on their desire to be equally represented in the convention and northern feelings that slave owners could not participate in some aspects of convention work, namely mission work. The paper focuses on the growth of the Southern Baptist Convention through the beginning of the Civil War, examines the difficulties the convention faced during the war, and finally how the Convention recovers during and after Reconstruction. This research follows both the political and intellectual shifts of influential Southern Baptists and is based almost entirely on primary resources, such as sermons, letters and meeting notes, taken from those influential Southern Baptists.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0579
Format
Thesis
Colonial Autonomy
Title
Colonial Autonomy: Maryland's Legal Foundation.
Creator
Corkell, Liam, Department of History
Abstract/Description
The colony of Maryland, granted to Lord Baltimore by Charles I in 1632, was the host of considerable, political turmoil regarding the scale of the royal governor's authority. The Charter of Maryland granted Baltimore, for all intents and purposes, the authority of a liege lord within the province, with the intention of making the chartered colony as close a parallel to England as was physically achievable. However, with the withdrawal of supervision from across the Atlantic in the mid 17th...
Show moreThe colony of Maryland, granted to Lord Baltimore by Charles I in 1632, was the host of considerable, political turmoil regarding the scale of the royal governor's authority. The Charter of Maryland granted Baltimore, for all intents and purposes, the authority of a liege lord within the province, with the intention of making the chartered colony as close a parallel to England as was physically achievable. However, with the withdrawal of supervision from across the Atlantic in the mid 17th century, Maryland, like several of its fellow colonies, began to grapple with the idea of political autonomy. Although the sentiment behind this newly found desire for self-management was nowhere near the extent that it would be during the Imperial Crisis more than a century later, the royal governorship was effectively challenged, both in London, and North America. In this political environment, Maryland, with the absence of royal supervision, functioned not only as a colony, but as an autonomous, quasi-independent state.
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Date Issued
2014
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0299
Format
Thesis
Containment in the Soft Underbelly
Title
Containment in the Soft Underbelly: The Allies, Italy, and Communism in 1945.
Creator
Silverstein, Matthew, Department of History
Abstract/Description
This thesis deals with the motivations behind the final Allied campaign conducted in Italy during April of 1945. The role that the fear of communist expansion at least partially influenced the decision to conduct the campaign is evaluated in light of numerous factors that existed at the time including the presence of the Italian Resistance in Northern Italy. Numerous primary and secondary sources were utilized to help construct a picture of the Allied situation at that point in the war in...
Show moreThis thesis deals with the motivations behind the final Allied campaign conducted in Italy during April of 1945. The role that the fear of communist expansion at least partially influenced the decision to conduct the campaign is evaluated in light of numerous factors that existed at the time including the presence of the Italian Resistance in Northern Italy. Numerous primary and secondary sources were utilized to help construct a picture of the Allied situation at that point in the war in order to help explain the thesis. Additionally, analysis is conducted using Carl von Clausewitz's work, On War, in order to further tie the concept of political influence on wartime decision making to the campaign in Northern Italy.
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Date Issued
2014
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0376
Format
Thesis
Cool but Correct
Title
Cool but Correct: Humanitarian Discourse and the US Justification for Intervention in Chile.
Creator
Forehand, Kristen D., Department of History
Abstract/Description
Intervening to supposedly protect human rights constitutes a potent justification for foreign involvement, but how humanitarian discourse became critical to the United States' (US) foreign policy remains poorly studied. I argue that humanitarian discourse, while present in the Spanish-American War of 1898, became essential to the US during the Cold War. Rationalizing the 1973 overthrow of the democratically elected socialist Chilean President Salvador Allende, the US relied on anticommunist...
Show moreIntervening to supposedly protect human rights constitutes a potent justification for foreign involvement, but how humanitarian discourse became critical to the United States' (US) foreign policy remains poorly studied. I argue that humanitarian discourse, while present in the Spanish-American War of 1898, became essential to the US during the Cold War. Rationalizing the 1973 overthrow of the democratically elected socialist Chilean President Salvador Allende, the US relied on anticommunist rhetoric joined with accusations that Allende violated Chileans' rights. However, the overthrow led to a brutal dictatorship. Thus, the thesis interrogates primary sources such as declassified government documents, speeches, memoirs, films, murals and music to discover hidden meanings. It employs the methodology of subaltern history as articulated by Ranajit Guha to investigate sources contrapuntally. Therefore, the thesis sheds light on the vaguely understood connection between imperialism and humanitarian intervention. The thesis utilizes a theoretical prism informed by Walter Benjamin, Slavoj Žižek and David Smith to understand how language can justify humanitarian intervention. Finally, the thesis adds to Latin American history and the history humanitarian intervention, specifically the scholarly works of Peter Kornbluh, Steve J. Stern and James Peck. I argue that the US manufactured rhetoric to gain approval for policies that would have otherwise been opposed. Following the Cold War, anticommunist justifications for intervention became less prevalent. However, humanitarian discourse continues. In many cases, the language becomes a façade for less noble reasons to intervene. Thus, Chile continues to provide a model for intervention in the name of protecting human rights.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0556
Format
Thesis
Debate of Pope Pius XII's Silence in the Holocaust
Title
The Debate of Pope Pius XII's Silence in the Holocaust.
Creator
Whitman, Kayleigh, Department of History
Date Issued
2013
Identifier
FSU_migr_undergradresearch-0032
Format
Citation
Debating and Defining
Title
Debating and Defining: Historical Memory and America's Reaction to the French Revolution.
Creator
Diskin, Harrison M., Department of History
Abstract/Description
Beginning in 1789, Americans reacted to the French Revolution with the vociferous passion of a people whose very identity was at stake. Indeed this was precisely the case, for in the face of a new definition of revolution emanating from France, Americans were forced to confront the fragility and mutability of the legacy of their own. American supporters of the French Revolution therefore both consciously and unconsciously redefined the terms of their own revolution in a manner which...
Show moreBeginning in 1789, Americans reacted to the French Revolution with the vociferous passion of a people whose very identity was at stake. Indeed this was precisely the case, for in the face of a new definition of revolution emanating from France, Americans were forced to confront the fragility and mutability of the legacy of their own. American supporters of the French Revolution therefore both consciously and unconsciously redefined the terms of their own revolution in a manner which functioned to destabilize the foundations of the nascent country still struggling to survive, while those who spoke and wrote against the French did so in an effort to reassert what they considered as having been their Revolution's original terms.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0571
Format
Thesis
Exploitation of Labor in College Football
Title
Exploitation of Labor in College Football: A Comparison of Arguments.
Creator
O'Dea, Heather, Department of History
Abstract/Description
This thesis uses parallels in the theories of amateurism in college athletics and paternalism in slavery to better understand college football as a system of exploitation of labor. To provide the reader with a background of these theories, it begins with in-depth explanations of their developments and various components. This study focuses on the similarities in arguments made by proponents of both theories, and pays particular attention to the idea that these systems of exploitation...
Show moreThis thesis uses parallels in the theories of amateurism in college athletics and paternalism in slavery to better understand college football as a system of exploitation of labor. To provide the reader with a background of these theories, it begins with in-depth explanations of their developments and various components. This study focuses on the similarities in arguments made by proponents of both theories, and pays particular attention to the idea that these systems of exploitation supposedly benefit those exploited. It compares the argument that college athletics creates for athletes the opportunity to receive a "free education" with the notion of slavery "saving" Africans by introducing them to Christianity. Through analysis of these arguments and the findings of multiple studies that examine the experiences of those exploited, this thesis reveals the inherent logical fallacies of these theories and the impact they have on those that operate under these exploitative systems.
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Date Issued
2014
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0372
Format
Thesis
Humanizing the Enemy
Title
Humanizing the Enemy.
Creator
Cook, Anna, Department of History
Abstract/Description
This thesis studies how the shift in American popular perception of the Japanese changed and shows how Japan's relationship with the United States changed from that of an enemy to ally in the mid-1950s. The cause of this positive change in U.S.-Japan relations can be directly linked to that of the Occupation of Japan, particularly the American servicemen stationed in Japan for occupation duties. When these servicemen returned home, many with Japanese war brides, there was an initial negative...
Show moreThis thesis studies how the shift in American popular perception of the Japanese changed and shows how Japan's relationship with the United States changed from that of an enemy to ally in the mid-1950s. The cause of this positive change in U.S.-Japan relations can be directly linked to that of the Occupation of Japan, particularly the American servicemen stationed in Japan for occupation duties. When these servicemen returned home, many with Japanese war brides, there was an initial negative perception of the Japanese women. However, this changed drastically in the mid-1950s. After careful review of the change in American public opinion, it can be seen that the relationships formed between the American GIs and the Japanese caused the shift in American popular opinion and made an eventual alliance with Japan possible. This thesis is based off of research on primary resources from two archival institutes along with media publications such as newspapers and magazines. Not only does this thesis incorporate original military documents and journal publications from the archives at the U.S. Army Military History Institute but it also uses letters, diaries, manuscripts and occasional transcribed oral histories from the World War II and the Human Experience Institute. These resources were a bulk of the primary sources for this thesis; however, there is also an incorporation of original media in order to portray the social condition of American opinion of the Japanese. In this thesis each primary resource was considered for its bias and was treated accordingly.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0118
Format
Thesis
Importance of Geographical Background of Supreme Court Appointments in the Period of 1830-1920
Title
The Importance of Geographical Background of Supreme Court Appointments in the Period of 1830-1920.
Creator
Abbatiello, Shawna M., Department of History
Abstract/Description
This paper analyzes the complex relationship of United States Supreme Court appointments with the appointees' geographical background. With a focus on the period of 1830-1920, this research will examine possible reasons why no justice has ever hailed from Florida in particular, and the importance of appointees' geographical background as a whole. First, I discuss the ideological reasons that made geography so important but yet may have prevented a justice from Florida, and then I examine the...
Show moreThis paper analyzes the complex relationship of United States Supreme Court appointments with the appointees' geographical background. With a focus on the period of 1830-1920, this research will examine possible reasons why no justice has ever hailed from Florida in particular, and the importance of appointees' geographical background as a whole. First, I discuss the ideological reasons that made geography so important but yet may have prevented a justice from Florida, and then I examine the practical implications of circuit riding and its relations to geographical importance. Finally, the paper looks at Nixon's failed appointment of G. Harrold Carswell who, though technically labeled a Floridian, had equal ties to the state of Georgia. Using Florida as a case study of the larger issue, this paper will then examine the judiciary's role in nation building and politics.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0480
Format
Thesis
Power of Memory and Manipulation in Anglo-Norman England
Title
The Power of Memory and Manipulation in Anglo-Norman England: Symeon, St. Cuthbert, and Durham Cathedra.
Creator
Sauer, Michelle L., Department of History
Abstract/Description
Cultural memory is the collective perception of a group on their own history, and the way in which remembrance and emphasis of specific elements of that history build the identity of a culture. The formation and alteration of cultural memory throughout history has become an important area of interest in the field of history, as this building of identity and memory informs how cultures operate and view themselves to this day. English memory has been built and changed throughout time by various...
Show moreCultural memory is the collective perception of a group on their own history, and the way in which remembrance and emphasis of specific elements of that history build the identity of a culture. The formation and alteration of cultural memory throughout history has become an important area of interest in the field of history, as this building of identity and memory informs how cultures operate and view themselves to this day. English memory has been built and changed throughout time by various invading groups, and has contributed to the enduring legacy of the British people that exists to this day. This project seeks to examine the ways in which the cultural memory of the Anglo-Saxon people was altered after the Norman Invasion through historical propaganda, particularly the writings of Symeon of Durham, and the building of Durham Cathedral. Symeon, a Norman monk in Durham, is a figure who shows the power of memory in the middle ages, as he effectively rewrote the history of the monks who came before him, giving the new Norman population of Durham an imagined history of themselves in that place. The Normans also built Durham Cathedral as a way to consolidate power and legitimize their reign through an emphasized devotion to the religious scene in Durham. Through analysis of historical documents and religious art used as a means of political and religious manipulation by the Normans, this thesis examines the pre-Norman cultural memory of Durham and delves into the ways that perception changed to include the Normans and merge the two groups into one.
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0563
Format
Thesis
Seeing Red in Double Vision
Title
Seeing Red in Double Vision.
Creator
Yost, Austin, Department of History
Abstract/Description
This thesis represents my attempt to broaden our understanding of the root causes and underlying nature of the Red Scare phenomenon. I cover both the Frist Red Scare of the early 1920s as well as the Second Red Scare of the late 1940s and early 1950s. After considerable research, I came to the conclusion that the traditional understanding of anti-communism in the US - as a reactionary movement largely motivated by the international hostility of the USSR - provides us with only half of the...
Show moreThis thesis represents my attempt to broaden our understanding of the root causes and underlying nature of the Red Scare phenomenon. I cover both the Frist Red Scare of the early 1920s as well as the Second Red Scare of the late 1940s and early 1950s. After considerable research, I came to the conclusion that the traditional understanding of anti-communism in the US - as a reactionary movement largely motivated by the international hostility of the USSR - provides us with only half of the truth. In fact, the development of public hysteria over perceived Soviet infiltration had far more to do with domestic circumstances than it had to do with foreign threats. Chief among these motivating factors was the state of the US economy. During the 1920s, when many poorer Americans felt they had been left behind by the post-war boom, the federal government's attempts to develop public hostility towards socialism failed somewhat. But after the Fair Deal and the GI Bill ensured a new, broader prosperity for the larger American public, it became easy to galvanize citizens in response to a perceived threat to their happy way of life.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0283
Format
Thesis
Sovereignty, Religion, and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs ) in Sudan, with a focus on the Nuba Mountains
Title
Sovereignty, Religion, and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs ) in Sudan, with a focus on the Nuba Mountains.
Creator
Marks, Madison, Department of History
Abstract/Description
This thesis addresses the causes and consequences of displacement in Sudan. By focusing on the themes of sovereignty and religion throughout Sudanese history, the complex challenges of the long-standing Sudanese conflict become apparent. This is clear through a focus on the Nuba Mountains. Colonial rule had a direct impact in shaping contrasting visions for the future of a sovereign Sudanese state. After Sudan's independence in 1956, the question over the fusion or separation of religion and...
Show moreThis thesis addresses the causes and consequences of displacement in Sudan. By focusing on the themes of sovereignty and religion throughout Sudanese history, the complex challenges of the long-standing Sudanese conflict become apparent. This is clear through a focus on the Nuba Mountains. Colonial rule had a direct impact in shaping contrasting visions for the future of a sovereign Sudanese state. After Sudan's independence in 1956, the question over the fusion or separation of religion and state contributed to two devastating civil wars, resulting in the death of two million and displacement of four million. According to the concept of Sovereignty as Responsibility, a state's sovereignty depends upon its protection for the rights and wellbeing of its people. The Sudanese government has engaged in direct assaults against its own people, and has prevented humanitarian assessment missions and relief personnel from responding to affected populations. This model of regime-induced displacement has posed many questions regarding the best methods for protection of IDPs when their rights are being violated or threatened by their sovereign. This thesis also provides an analysis of the hopeful prospects for future protection of IDPs in Africa through increased regional accountability and placing the rights of the individual over the state. This thesis provides a framework for future conversations among international stakeholders, humanitarian aid organizations, civil society groups, academics, media personnel, and Sudanese to discuss the impacts of sovereignty and religion on displacement in Sudan. Moreover, this thesis seeks to fill a gap in research on the Nuba Mountains.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
FSU_migr_uhm-0151
Format
Thesis